Works matching IS 13569597 AND DT 2014 AND VI 19 AND IP 9

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    F<sub>o</sub>F<sub>1</sub> ATPase (also known as ATP synthase) exists in mitochondrial inner membranes and bacterial plasma membranes to synthesize ATP (adenosine triphosphate) by using electrochemical gradient of protons (H<sup>+</sup>) between inside and outside of the membranes. F<sub>o</sub> is integrated in the membranes and thought to have a rotor ring that rotates horizontally. F<sub>1</sub> has a dome-like structure comprised of three α and three β subunits that are alternately arranged, which is anchored to the membranes to prevent rotation. Shaft-like γ subunit connects the center of the rotor ring of F<sub>o</sub> and F<sub>1</sub>. As protons flow down the gradient across the membranes through F<sub>o</sub>, the rotor ring of F<sub>o</sub> and γ rotate, and the spin force of γ against αβ complex is used to synthesize ATP molecules. In this drawing, a waterwheel (F<sub>o</sub>) is rotated by the gradient of water (represents proton gradient), and series of three coins (which represent ATP) are generated from the 'apparatus' (αβ of F<sub>1</sub>), which is made from six boards being attached to the front side of the waterwheel. A man in the back takes a role to transport protons to the outside of membranes to produce proton gradient. Designed by TRAIS Co., Ltd. (Kobe, Japan)

    Published in:
    Genes to Cells, 2014, v. 19, n. 9, p. i, doi. 10.1111/gtc.12177
    Publication type:
    Article
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