Works by Dameris, Martin

Results: 55

Chemistry–climate feedback of atmospheric methane in a methane-emission-flux-driven chemistry–climate model.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2025, v. 25, n. 10, p. 5133, doi. 10.5194/acp-25-5133-2025

By:

Stecher, Laura;
Winterstein, Franziska;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Ponater, Michael;
Mertens, Mariano;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Improved predictability of the troposphere using stratospheric final warmings.

Published in:

Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, 2011, v. 116, n. D18, p. n/a, doi. 10.1029/2011JD015914

By:

Hardiman, Steven C.;
Butchart, Neal;
Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.;
Shaw, Tiffany A.;
Akiyoshi, Hideharu;
Baumgaertner, Andreas;
Bekki, Slimane;
Braesicke, Peter;
Chipperfield, Martyn;
Dameris, Martin;
Garcia, Rolando R.;
Michou, Martine;
Pawson, Steven;
Rozanov, Eugene;
Shibata, Kiyotaka

Publication type:

Article

Stratosphere-troposphere coupling and annular mode variability in chemistry-climate models.

Published in:

Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, 2010, v. 115, n. D3, p. n/a, doi. 10.1029/2009JD013770

By:

Gerber, Edwin P.;
Baldwin, Mark P.;
Akiyoshi, Hideharu;
Austin, John;
Bekki, Slimane;
Braesicke, Peter;
Butchart, Neal;
Chipperfield, Martyn;
Dameris, Martin;
Dhomse, Sandip;
Frith, Stacey M.;
Garcia, Rolando R.;
Garny, Hella;
Gettelman, Andrew;
Hardiman, Steven C.;
Karpechko, Alexey;
Marchand, Marion;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
Nielsen, J. Eric;
Pawson, Steven

Publication type:

Article

Critique of the tracer-tracer correlation technique and its potential to analyze polar ozone loss in chemistry-climate models.

Published in:

Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, 2006, v. 111, n. D18, p. n/a, doi. 10.1029/2006JD007298

By:

Lemmen, Carsten;
Müller, Rolf;
Konopka, Paul;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Depletion of the Ozone Layer in the 21st Century.

Published in:

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2010, v. 49, n. 3, p. 489, doi. 10.1002/anie.200906334

By:

Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Movement, drivers and bimodality of the South Asian High.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2016, v. 16, n. 22, p. 14755, doi. 10.5194/acp-16-14755-2016

By:

Nützel, Matthias;
Dameris, Martin;
Garny, Hella

Publication type:

Article

The millennium water vapour drop in chemistry-climate model simulations.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2016, v. 16, n. 13, p. 8125, doi. 10.5194/acp-16-8125-2016

By:

Brinkop, Sabine;
Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Garny, Hella;
Lossow, Stefan;
Stiller, Gabriele

Publication type:

Article

Water vapour transport in the tropical tropopause region in coupled Chemistry-Climate Models and ERA-40 reanalysis data.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2009, v. 9, n. 8, p. 2679, doi. 10.5194/acp-9-2679-2009

By:

Kremser, Stefanie;
Wohltmann, Ingo;
Rex, Markus;
Langematz, Ulrike;
Dameris, Martin;
Kunze, Markus

Publication type:

Article

Revisiting the Mystery of Recent Stratospheric Temperature Trends.

Published in:

Geophysical Research Letters, 2018, v. 45, n. 18, p. 9919, doi. 10.1029/2018GL078035

By:

Maycock, Amanda C.;
Chrysanthou, Andreas;
Chipperfield, Martyn;
Dhomse, Sandip;
Luke Abraham, N.;
Archibald, Alex T.;
Akiyoshi, Hideharu;
Butchart, Neal;
O'Connor, Fiona;
Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Deushi, Makoto;
Di Genova, Glauco;
Visioni, Daniele;
Kirner, Oliver;
Michou, Martine;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
Zeng, Guang;
Randel, William J.;
Kinnison, Douglas E.

Publication type:

Article

Impact of rising greenhouse gas concentrations on future tropical ozone and UV exposure.

Published in:

Geophysical Research Letters, 2016, v. 43, n. 6, p. 2919, doi. 10.1002/2016GL067997

By:

Meul, Stefanie;
Dameris, Martin;
Langematz, Ulrike;
Abalichin, Janna;
Kerschbaumer, Andreas;
Kubin, Anne;
Oberländer-Hayn, Sophie

Publication type:

Article

A new health check of the ozone layer at global and regional scales.

Published in:

Geophysical Research Letters, 2014, v. 41, n. 12, p. 4363, doi. 10.1002/2014GL060212

By:

Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie;
Loyola R., Diego G.;
Braesicke, Peter;
Dameris, Martin;
Roozendael, Michel;
Lerot, Christophe;
Zimmer, Walter

Publication type:

Article

First description and classification of the ozone hole over the Arctic in boreal spring 2020.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2020, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2020-746

By:

Dameris, Martin;
Loyola, Diego G.;
Nützel, Matthias;
Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie;
Lerot, Christophe;
Romahn, Fabian;
van Roozendael, Michel

Publication type:

Article

Future trends in stratosphere-to-troposphere transport in CCMI models.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2019, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2019-581

By:

Abalos, Marta;
Orbe, Clara;
Kinnison, Douglas E.;
Plummer, David;
Oman, Luke D.;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
Garcia, Rolando R.;
Guang Zeng;
Stone, Kane A.;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Implications of constant CFC-11 concentrations for the future ozone layer.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2019, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2019-239

By:

Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Nützel, Matthias

Publication type:

Article

Implication of extreme atmospheric methane concentrations for chemistry-climate connections.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2019, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2019-41

By:

Winterstein, Franziska;
Tanalski, Fabian;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Dameris, Martin;
Ponater, Michael

Publication type:

Article

No Robust Evidence of Future Changes in Major Stratospheric Sudden Warmings: A Multi-model Assessment from CCMI.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2018, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2018-296

By:

Ayarzagüena, Blanca;
Polvani, Lorenzo M.;
Langematz, Ulrike;
Hideharu Akiyoshi;
Bekki, Slimane;
Butchart, Neal;
Dameris, Martin;
Makoto Deushi;
Hardiman, Steven C.;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Klekociuk, Andrew;
Marchand, Marion;
Michou, Martine;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
O'Connor, Fiona M.;
Oman, Luke D.;
Plummer, David A.;
Revell, Laura;
Rozanov, Eugene;
Saint-Martin, David

Publication type:

Article

Investigating the yield of H2O and H2 from methane oxidation in the stratosphere.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2018, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2018-170

By:

Frank, Franziska;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Gromov, Sergey;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Estimates of Ozone Return Dates from Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative Simulations.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2018, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2018-87

By:

Dhomse, Sandip;
Kinnison, Douglas;
Chipperfield, Martyn P.;
Cionni, Irene;
Hegglin, Michaela;
Abraham, N. Luke;
Hideharu Akiyoshi;
Archibald, Alex T.;
Bednarz, Ewa M.;
Bekki, Slimane;
Braesicke, Peter;
Butchart, Neal;
Dameris, Martin;
Makoto Deushi;
Frith, Stacy;
Hardiman, Steven C.;
Hassler, Birgit;
Horowitz, Larry W.;
Rong-Ming Hu;
Jöckel, Patrick

Publication type:

Article

Can sampling biases explain the discrepancies between lower stratospheric water vapour trend estimates derived from the FPH observations at Boulder and a merged zonal mean satellite data set?

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2018, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2017-1120

By:

Lossow, Stefan;
Hurst, Dale F.;
Rosenlof, Karen H.;
Stiller, Gabriele P.;
von Clarmann, Thomas;
Brinkop, Sabine;
Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Kinnison, Doug E.;
Plieninger, Johannes;
Plummer, David A.;
Ploeger, Felix;
Read, William G.;
Remsberg, Ellis E.;
Russell, James M.;
Tao, Mengchu

Publication type:

Article

Is there bimodality of the South Asian High?

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2016, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2016-362

By:

Nützel, Matthias;
Dameris, Martin;
Garny, Hella

Publication type:

Article

Contribution of road traffic emissions to the atmospheric black carbon burden in the mid-1990s.

Published in:

Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, 2001, v. 106, n. D16, p. 17997, doi. 10.1029/2001JD900212

By:

Köhler, Ines;
Dameris, Martin;
Ackermann, Ingmar;
Hass, Heinz

Publication type:

Article

Impact of stratospheric dynamics and chemistry on northern hemisphere midlatitude ozone loss.

Published in:

Journal of Geophysical Research. Atmospheres, 1998, v. 103, n. D19, p. 25417, doi. 10.1029/98JD01830

By:

Grewe, Volker;
Dameris, Martin;
Sausen, Robert;
Steil, B.

Publication type:

Article

An updated version of a gap-free monthly mean zonal mean ozone database.

Published in:

Earth System Science Data Discussions, 2018, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/essd-2018-56

By:

Hassler, Birgit;
Kremser, Stefanie;
Bodeker, Greg E.;
Lewis, Jared;
Nesbit, Kage;
Davis, Sean M.;
Chipperfield, Martyn P.;
Dhomse, Sandip S.;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Influences of the Indian Summer Monsoon on Water Vapor and Ozone Concentrations in the UTLS as Simulated by Chemistry–Climate Models.

Published in:

Journal of Climate, 2010, v. 23, n. 13, p. 3525, doi. 10.1175/2010JCLI3280.1

By:

Kunze, Markus;
Braesicke, Peter;
Langematz, Ulrike;
Stiller, Gabriele;
Bekki, Slimane;
Brühl, Christoph;
Chipperfield, Martyn;
Dameris, Martin;
Garcia, Rolando;
Giorgetta, Marco

Publication type:

Article

Updating the radiation infrastructure in MESSy (based on MESSy version 2.55).

Published in:

Geoscientific Model Development, 2024, v. 17, n. 15, p. 5821, doi. 10.5194/gmd-17-5821-2024

By:

Nützel, Matthias;
Stecher, Laura;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Winterstein, Franziska;
Dameris, Martin;
Ponater, Michael;
Graf, Phoebe;
Kunze, Markus

Publication type:

Article

The Diurnal Variation in Stratospheric Ozone from MACC Reanalysis, ERA-Interim, WACCM, and Earth Observation Data: Characteristics and Intercomparison.

Published in:

Atmosphere, 2021, v. 12, n. 5, p. 625, doi. 10.3390/atmos12050625

By:

Schanz, Ansgar;
Hocke, Klemens;
Kämpfer, Niklaus;
Chabrillat, Simon;
Inness, Antje;
Palm, Mathias;
Notholt, Justus;
Boyd, Ian;
Parrish, Alan;
Kasai, Yasuko;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Quantification of Regional Ozone Pollution Characteristics and Its Temporal Evolution: Insights from Identification of the Impacts of Meteorological Conditions and Emissions.

Published in:

Atmosphere, 2021, v. 12, n. 2, p. 279, doi. 10.3390/atmos12020279

By:

Yang, Leifeng;
Xie, Danping;
Yuan, Zibing;
Huang, Zhijiong;
Wu, Haibo;
Han, Jinglei;
Liu, Lijun;
Jia, Wenchao;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Possible Effects of Greenhouse Gases to Ozone Profiles and DNA Active UV-B Irradiance at Ground Level.

Published in:

Atmosphere, 2020, v. 11, n. 3, p. 228, doi. 10.3390/atmos11030228

By:

Eleftheratos, Kostas;
Kapsomenakis, John;
Zerefos, Christos S.;
Bais, Alkiviadis F.;
Fountoulakis, Ilias;
Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Haslerud, Amund S.;
Godin-Beekmann, Sophie;
Steinbrecht, Wolfgang;
Petropavlovskikh, Irina;
Brogniez, Colette;
Leblanc, Thierry;
Liley, J. Ben;
Querel, Richard;
Swart, Daan P. J.

Publication type:

Article

An updated version of a gap-free monthly mean zonal mean ozone database.

Published in:

Earth System Science Data, 2018, v. 10, n. 3, p. 1473, doi. 10.5194/essd-10-1473-2018

By:

Hassler, Birgit;
Kremser, Stefanie;
Bodeker, Greg E.;
Lewis, Jared;
Nesbit, Kage;
Davis, Sean M.;
Chipperfield, Martyn P.;
Dhomse, Sandip S.;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Ozone and DNA active UV radiation changes for the near global mean and at high latitudes due to enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2022, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/egusphere-2022-87

By:

Eleftheratos, Kostas;
Kapsomenakis, John;
Fountoulakis, Ilias;
Zerefos, Christos S.;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Dameris, Martin;
Bais, Alkiviadis F.;
Bernhard, Germar;
Kouklaki, Dimitra;
Tourpali, Kleareti;
Stierle, Scott;
Ben Liley, J.;
Brogniez, Colette;
Auriol, Frédérique;
Diémoz, Henri;
Simic, Stana;
Petropavlovskikh, Irina

Publication type:

Article

Variability of air mass transport from the boundary layer to the Asian monsoon anticyclone.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2022, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/acp-2022-143P

By:

Nützel, Matthias;
Brinkop, Sabine;
Dameris, Martin;
Garny, Hella;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Pan, Laura L.;
Park, Mijeong

Publication type:

Article

Das Ozonloch und seine Ursachen.

Published in:

Chemie in unserer Zeit, 2007, v. 41, n. 3, p. 152, doi. 10.1002/ciuz.200700418

By:

Dameris, Martin;
Peter, Thomas;
Schmidt, Ulrich;
Zellner, Reinhard

Publication type:

Article

Impact of future subsonic aircraft NOx emissions on the atmospheric composition.

Published in:

Geophysical Research Letters, 1999, v. 26, n. 1, p. 47, doi. 10.1029/1998GL900249

By:

Grewe, Volker;
Dameris, Martin;
Hein, Ralf;
Köhler, Ines;
Sausen, Robert

Publication type:

Article

Heterogeneous PSC ozone loss during an ozone mini-hole.

Published in:

Geophysical Research Letters, 1997, v. 24, n. 20, p. 2503, doi. 10.1029/97GL02641

By:

Grewe, Volker;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Skin Cancer Risks Avoided by the Montreal Protocol-Worldwide Modeling Integrating Coupled Climate-Chemistry Models with a Risk Model for UV.

Published in:

Photochemistry & Photobiology, 2013, v. 89, n. 1, p. 234, doi. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01223.x

By:

Dijk, Arjan;
Slaper, Harry;
den Outer, Peter N.;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
Braesicke, Peter;
Pyle, John A.;
Garny, Hella;
Stenke, Andrea;
Dameris, Martin;
Kazantzidis, Andreas;
Tourpali, Kleareti;
Bais, Alkiviadis F.

Publication type:

Article

Climatology and variability of air mass transport from the boundary layer to the Asian monsoon anticyclone.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2022, v. 22, n. 24, p. 15659, doi. 10.5194/acp-22-15659-2022

By:

Nützel, Matthias;
Brinkop, Sabine;
Dameris, Martin;
Garny, Hella;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Pan, Laura L.;
Park, Mijeong

Publication type:

Article

Ozone, DNA-active UV radiation, and cloud changes for the near-global mean and at high latitudes due to enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2022, v. 22, n. 19, p. 12827, doi. 10.5194/acp-22-12827-2022

By:

Eleftheratos, Kostas;
Kapsomenakis, John;
Fountoulakis, Ilias;
Zerefos, Christos S.;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Dameris, Martin;
Bais, Alkiviadis F.;
Bernhard, Germar;
Kouklaki, Dimitra;
Tourpali, Kleareti;
Stierle, Scott;
Liley, J. Ben;
Brogniez, Colette;
Auriol, Frédérique;
Diémoz, Henri;
Simic, Stana;
Petropavlovskikh, Irina;
Lakkala, Kaisa;
Douvis, Kostas

Publication type:

Article

Slow feedbacks resulting from strongly enhanced atmospheric methane mixing ratios in a chemistry–climate model with mixed-layer ocean.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2021, v. 21, n. 2, p. 731, doi. 10.5194/acp-21-731-2021

By:

Stecher, Laura;
Winterstein, Franziska;
Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Ponater, Michael;
Kunze, Markus

Publication type:

Article

Record low ozone values over the Arctic in boreal spring 2020.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2021, v. 21, n. 2, p. 617, doi. 10.5194/acp-21-617-2021

By:

Dameris, Martin;
Loyola, Diego G.;
Nützel, Matthias;
Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie;
Lerot, Christophe;
Romahn, Fabian;
van Roozendael, Michel

Publication type:

Article

Future trends in stratosphere-to-troposphere transport in CCMI models.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2020, v. 20, n. 11, p. 6883, doi. 10.5194/acp-20-6883-2020

By:

Abalos, Marta;
Orbe, Clara;
Kinnison, Douglas E.;
Plummer, David;
Oman, Luke D.;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
Garcia, Rolando R.;
Zeng, Guang;
Stone, Kane A.;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Possible implications of enhanced chlorofluorocarbon-11 concentrations on ozone.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2019, v. 19, n. 22, p. 13759, doi. 10.5194/acp-19-13759-2019

By:

Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Nützel, Matthias

Publication type:

Article

Implication of strongly increased atmospheric methane concentrations for chemistry–climate connections.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2019, v. 19, n. 10, p. 7151, doi. 10.5194/acp-19-7151-2019

By:

Winterstein, Franziska;
Tanalski, Fabian;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Dameris, Martin;
Ponater, Michael

Publication type:

Article

No robust evidence of future changes in major stratospheric sudden warmings: a multi-model assessment from CCMI.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2018, v. 18, n. 15, p. 11277, doi. 10.5194/acp-18-11277-2018

By:

Ayarzagüena, Blanca;
Polvani, Lorenzo M.;
Langematz, Ulrike;
Akiyoshi, Hideharu;
Bekki, Slimane;
Butchart, Neal;
Dameris, Martin;
Deushi, Makoto;
Hardiman, Steven C.;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Klekociuk, Andrew;
Marchand, Marion;
Michou, Martine;
Morgenstern, Olaf;
O'Connor, Fiona M.;
Oman, Luke D.;
Plummer, David A.;
Revell, Laura;
Rozanov, Eugene;
Saint-Martin, David

Publication type:

Article

Investigating the yield of H2O and H2 from methane oxidation in the stratosphere.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2018, v. 18, n. 13, p. 9955, doi. 10.5194/acp-18-9955-2018

By:

Frank, Franziska;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Gromov, Sergey;
Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Estimates of ozone return dates from Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative simulations.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2018, v. 18, n. 11, p. 8409, doi. 10.5194/acp-18-8409-2018

By:

Dhomse, Sandip S.;
Kinnison, Douglas;
Chipperfield, Martyn P.;
Salawitch, Ross J.;
Cionni, Irene;
Hegglin, Michaela I.;
Abraham, N. Luke;
Akiyoshi, Hideharu;
Archibald, Alex T.;
Bednarz, Ewa M.;
Bekki, Slimane;
Braesicke, Peter;
Butchart, Neal;
Dameris, Martin;
Deushi, Makoto;
Frith, Stacey;
Hardiman, Steven C.;
Hassler, Birgit;
Horowitz, Larry W.;
Hu, Rong-Ming

Publication type:

Article

Trend differences in lower stratospheric water vapour between Boulder and the zonal mean and their role in understanding fundamental observational discrepancies.

Published in:

Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2018, v. 18, n. 11, p. 8331, doi. 10.5194/acp-18-8331-2018

By:

Lossow, Stefan;
Hurst, Dale F.;
Rosenlof, Karen H.;
Stiller, Gabriele P.;
von Clarmann, Thomas;
Brinkop, Sabine;
Dameris, Martin;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Kinnison, Doug E.;
Plieninger, Johannes;
Plummer, David A.;
Ploeger, Felix;
Read, William G.;
Remsberg, Ellis E.;
Russell, James M.;
Tao, Mengchu

Publication type:

Article

Updating the radiation infrastructure in MESSy (based on MESSy version 2.55).

Published in:

Geoscientific Model Development Discussions, 2023, p. 1, doi. 10.5194/egusphere-2023-2140

By:

Nützel, Matthias;
Stecher, Laura;
Jöckel, Patrick;
Winterstein, Franziska;
Dameris, Martin;
Ponater, Michael;
Graf, Phoebe;
Kunze, Markus

Publication type:

Article

Dynamically Forced Increase of Tropical Upwelling in the Lower Stratosphere.

Published in:

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 2011, v. 68, n. 6, p. 1214, doi. 10.1175/2011JAS3701.1

By:

Garny, Hella;
Dameris, Martin;
Randel, William;
Bodeker, Greg E.;
Deckert, Rudolf

Publication type:

Article

Klimawandel und die Chemie der Atmosphäre - wie wird sich die stratosphärische Ozonschicht entwickeln?

Published in:

Angewandte Chemie, 2010, v. 122, n. 44, p. 8268, doi. 10.1002/ange.201001643

By:

Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article

Abbau der Ozonschicht im 21. Jahrhundert.

Published in:

Angewandte Chemie, 2010, v. 122, n. 3, p. 499, doi. 10.1002/ange.200906334

By:

Dameris, Martin

Publication type:

Article