Works by Ahn, Ki Hoon

Results: 65

Embolectomy for massive pulmonary embolism after cesarean delivery.

Published in:

2016

By:

Ki Hoon Ahn;
Soon-Cheol Hong;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol

Publication type:

journal article

Prenatal Diagnosis of Arachnoid Cysts Without Extra‐Central Nervous System Anomalies in the Korean Population: A Multi‐Center Retrospective Study on Postnatal Diagnosis and Clinical Outcomes.

Published in:

Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine, 2025, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1, doi. 10.1002/mgg3.70116

By:

Hong, Subeen;
Jung, Young Mi;
Seol, Hyun‐Joo;
Na, Sunghun;
Bae, Jin Gon;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Kwon, Hayan;
Sung, Ji‐Hee;
Choi, Soo Ran;
Kim, Seung Cheol;
Lee, Kyung A.;
Kim, Hee Sun;
Kim, Mi Ju;
Song, Ji Eun;
Hwang, Han Sung;
Jun, Jong Kwan;
Kim, So Yeon;
Won, Hye‐Sung;
Lee, Mi‐Young;
Ko, Hyun Sun

Publication type:

Article

Prepregnancy Factors Are Associated with Development of Hypertension Later in Life in Women with Pre-Eclampsia.

Published in:

Journal of Women's Health (15409996), 2019, v. 28, n. 7, p. 984, doi. 10.1089/jwh.2018.7165

By:

Cho, Geum Joon;
Kim, Ho Yeon;
Park, Jong Heon;
Ahn, Ki-Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Kim, Hai-Joong;
Han, Sun Won;
Oh, Min-Jeong

Publication type:

Article

Anterior placenta previa in the mid-trimester of pregnancy as a risk factor for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2018, v. 13, n. 11, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0207061

By:

Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Lee, Eun Hee;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

Article

Explainable Model Using Shapley Additive Explanations Approach on Wound Infection after Wide Soft Tissue Sarcoma Resection: "Big Data" Analysis Based on Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Hub.

Published in:

Medicina (1010660X), 2024, v. 60, n. 2, p. 327, doi. 10.3390/medicina60020327

By:

Choi, Ji-Hye;
Choi, Yumin;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki-Hoon;
Jang, Woo Young

Publication type:

Article

A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Parallel, Non-Inferiority Clinical Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Unicenta and Melsmon for Menopausal Symptom Improvement.

Published in:

Medicina (1010660X), 2023, v. 59, n. 8, p. 1382, doi. 10.3390/medicina59081382

By:

Kim, Seongmin;
Lee, Sanghoon;
Ahn, Ki-Hoon;
Park, Hyun-Tae;
Song, Jae-Yun;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Kim, Tak

Publication type:

Article

Years from menopause-to-surgery is a major factor in the post-operative subjective outcome for pelvic organ prolapse.

Published in:

International Urogynecology Journal, 2010, v. 21, n. 8, p. 969, doi. 10.1007/s00192-010-1133-1

By:

Ki Hoon Ahn;
Tak Kim;
Jun Young Hur;
Sun Haeng Kim;
Kyu Wan Lee;
Young Tae Kim

Publication type:

Article

Relationship between uric acid and metabolic syndrome according to menopausal status.

Published in:

Gynecological Endocrinology, 2011, v. 27, n. 6, p. 406, doi. 10.3109/09513590.2010.493962

By:

Lee, Hee Jung;
Park, Hyun Tae;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Yi, Kyung Wook;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Shin, Jung-Ho;
Kim, Tak;
Kim, Young Tae;
Hur, Jun Young;
Kim, Sun Haeng

Publication type:

Article

Preventive Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcomes.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2014, v. 9, n. 5, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0097273

By:

Kim, Min Woo;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Ryu, Ki-Jin;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Lee, Ji Sung;
Nava-Ocampo, Alejandro A.;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

Article

Real-time Classification of Fetal Status Based on Deep Learning and Cardiotocography Data.

Published in:

Journal of Medical Systems, 2023, v. 47, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1007/s10916-023-01960-1

By:

Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Choi, Eun Saem;
Nam, Young Jin;
Liu, Nae Won;
Yang, Yong Seok;
Kim, Ho Yeon;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon Cheol

Publication type:

Article

Predicting peripartum blood transfusion: focusing on pre-pregnancy characteristics.

Published in:

2019

By:

Ouh, Yung-Taek;
Lee, Kyu-Min;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong;
Han, Sung Won;
Cho, Geum Joon

Publication type:

journal article

Machine learning analysis for the association between breast feeding and metabolic syndrome in women.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2024, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-024-53137-6

By:

Lee, Jue Seong;
Choi, Eun-Saem;
Lee, Hwasun;
Son, Serhim;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Short-term neonatal and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children born term low birth weight.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2024, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-024-52154-9

By:

Kim, Ho Yeon;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

Article

Effect of patient blood management system and feedback programme on appropriateness of transfusion: An experience of Asia's first Bloodless Medicine Center on a hospital basis.

Published in:

Transfusion Medicine, 2021, v. 31, n. 1, p. 55, doi. 10.1111/tme.12754

By:

Shin, Hyeon Ju;
Kim, Jong Hun;
Park, Yujin;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Jung, Jae Seung;
Park, Jong Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Anti-proliferative effect of Klimaktoplan((R)) on human breast cancer cells.

Published in:

2013

By:

Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Yi, Kyung Wook;
Park, Hyun Tae;
Shin, Jung Ho;
Hur, Jun Young;
Kim, Sun Haeng;
Kim, Tak

Publication type:

Journal Article

Cost Analysis When Open Surgeons Perform Minimally Invasive Hysterectomy.

Published in:

Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons (JSLS), 2014, v. 18, n. 4, p. 1, doi. 10.4293/JSLS.2014.00181

By:

Lee, Ted;
Shepherd, Jonathan P.;
Kantartzis, Kelly L.;
Ki Hoon Ahn;
Bonidie, Michael J.

Publication type:

Article

Previous uterine artery embolization increases the rate of repeat embolization in a subsequent pregnancy.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2017, v. 12, n. 9, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0185467

By:

Cho, Geum Joon;
Shim, Jae-Yoon;
Ouh, Yung-Taek;
Kim, Log Young;
Lee, Tae Seon;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong;
Lee, Pil Ryang

Publication type:

Article

Preeclampsia: A risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus in subsequent pregnancy.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2017, v. 12, n. 5, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0178150

By:

Lee, Joohyun;
Ouh, Yung-taek;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong;
Cho, Geum Joon

Publication type:

Article

Prepregnancy liver enzyme levels and risk of preeclampsia in a subsequent pregnancy: A population‐based cohort study.

Published in:

Liver International, 2018, v. 38, n. 5, p. 949, doi. 10.1111/liv.13617

By:

Cho, Geum Joon;
Kim, Ho Yeon;
Park, Jong Heon;
Ahn, Ki‐hoon;
Hong, Soon‐cheol;
Oh, Min‐jeong;
Kim, Hai‐joong

Publication type:

Article

Radiological screening of maternal periodontitis for predicting adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2020, v. 10, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-020-78385-0

By:

Heo, Ju Sun;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Park, Jung Soo

Publication type:

Article

The Skin Antiseptic agents at Vaginal dElivery (SAVE) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Published in:

Trials, 2023, v. 24, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1186/s13063-023-07101-w

By:

Jung, Young Mi;
Lee, Seung Mi;
Kim, So Yeon;
Chung, Jin Hoon;
Won, Hye-Sung;
Lee, Kyung A;
Park, Mi Hye;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Choi, Eun Saem;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Sung, Ji-Hee;
Roh, Cheong-Rae;
Kim, Sun Min;
Kim, Byoung Jae;
Kim, Hyeon Ji;
Oh, Kyung Joon;
Hong, Subeen;
Park, In Yang

Publication type:

Article

Relationship between serum estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels and urodynamic results in women with stress urinary incontinence.

Published in:

International Urogynecology Journal, 2011, v. 22, n. 6, p. 731, doi. 10.1007/s00192-011-1359-6

By:

Ki Hoon Ahn;
Tak Kim;
Jun Young Hur;
Sun Haeng Kim;
Kyu Wan Lee;
Young Tae Kim

Publication type:

Article

Association of preterm birth with medications: machine learning analysis using national health insurance data.

Published in:

Archives of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2022, v. 305, n. 5, p. 1369, doi. 10.1007/s00404-022-06405-7

By:

Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Song, In-Seok;
Kim, Eun Sun;
Kim, Hae-In;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Serum sFlt-1, cystatin C and cathepsin B are potential severity markers in preeclampsia: a pilot study.

Published in:

2020

By:

Park, Ye Sul;
Kim, Yezi;
Kim, Ho Yeon;
Ahn, Ki-Hoon;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

journal article

Machine learning analysis with population data for prepregnancy and perinatal risk factors for the neurodevelopmental delay of offspring.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2024, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-024-64590-8

By:

Yang, Seung-Woo;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Heo, Ju Sun;
Choi, Eun-Saem;
Kim, Kyumin;
Lee, Sohee;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Author Correction: Machine learning analysis for the association between breast feeding and metabolic syndrome in women.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2024, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-024-57571-4

By:

Lee, Jue Seong;
Choi, Eun-Saem;
Lee, Hwasun;
Son, Serhim;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Machine learning analysis for the association between breast feeding and metabolic syndrome in women.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2024, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-024-53137-6

By:

Lee, Jue Seong;
Choi, Eun-Saem;
Lee, Hwasun;
Son, Serhim;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Ultrasonographic assessment of abnormal fetal growth related to uteroplacental-fetal biometrics and Doppler (U-AID) indices: Protocol for multicenter retrospective cohort study trial.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2024, v. 19, n. 2, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0298060

By:

Choi, Eun-Saem;
Lee, Hwasun;
Lee, Se Jin;
Jung, Young Mi;
Kim, Ho Yeon;
Lee, Seung Mi;
Lee, Kyung A.;
Seol, Hyun-Joo;
Ko, Hyun Sun;
Na, Sung Hun;
Kwak, Dong Wook;
Hwang, Han-Sung;
Choi, Sooran;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Won, Hye-Sung;
Kim, Suk Young;
Kim, Hai-Joong;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Machine learning analysis with population data for the associations of preterm birth with temporomandibular disorder and gastrointestinal diseases.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2024, v. 19, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0296329

By:

Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Song, In-Seok;
Kim, Eun Sun;
Kim, Jisu;
Jung, Sohee;
Nam, Sunwoo;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Association between early preterm birth and maternal exposure to fine particular matter (PM<sub>10</sub>): A nation-wide population-based cohort study using machine learning.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2023, v. 18, n. 8, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0289486

By:

Choi, Eun-Saem;
Lee, Jue Seong;
Hwang, Yujin;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Preterm birth and maternal heart disease: A machine learning analysis using the Korean national health insurance database.

Published in:

PLoS ONE, 2023, v. 18, n. 3, p. 1, doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.0283959

By:

Lee, Jue Seong;
Choi, Eun-Saem;
Hwang, Yujin;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Prenatal Diagnosis and Clinical Outcomes of Isolated Mega Cisterna Magna.

Published in:

Journal of Child Neurology, 2024, v. 39, n. 13/14, p. 481, doi. 10.1177/08830738241282037

By:

Kim, Oyoung;
Hong, Subeen;
Jung, Young Mi;
Seol, Hyun-Joo;
Na, Sunghun;
Bae, Jin Gon;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Lee, Mi-Young;
Kwon, Ha Yan;
Sung, Ji-Hee;
Choi, Soo Ran;
Kim, Seung Cheol;
Lee, Kyung A.;
Kim, Hee Sun;
Kim, Mi Ju;
Song, Ji Eun;
Hwang, Han Sung;
Won, Hye-Sung;
Jun, Jong Kwan;
Ko, Hyun Sun

Publication type:

Article

Associations of Preterm Birth with Dental and Gastrointestinal Diseases: Machine Learning Analysis Using National Health Insurance Data.

Published in:

International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 2023, v. 20, n. 3, p. 1732, doi. 10.3390/ijerph20031732

By:

Song, In-Seok;
Choi, Eun-Saem;
Kim, Eun Sun;
Hwang, Yujin;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Association of Preterm Birth with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Salivary Gland Disease: Machine Learning Analysis Using National Health Insurance Data.

Published in:

International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 2022, v. 19, n. 5, p. 3056, doi. 10.3390/ijerph19053056

By:

Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Kim, Eun Sun;
Song, In-Seok;
Kim, Hae-In;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

The Feasibility of Cervical Elastography in Predicting Preterm Delivery in Singleton Pregnancy with Short Cervix Following Progesterone Treatment.

Published in:

International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 2021, v. 18, n. 4, p. 2026, doi. 10.3390/ijerph18042026

By:

Jung, Yun Ji;
Kwon, Hayan;
Shin, Jeongeun;
Park, Yejin;
Heo, Seok-Jae;
Park, Hyun Soo;
Oh, Soo-young;
Sung, Ji-Hee;
Seol, Hyun-Joo;
Kim, Hyun Mi;
Seong, Won Joon;
Hwang, Han Sung;
Jung, Inkyung;
Kwon, Ja-Young;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Lee, JoonHo

Publication type:

Article

Relationship between the serum CA-125 level and bone mineral density in healthy pre- and post-menopausal women.

Published in:

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2010, v. 50, n. 4, p. 371, doi. 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2010.01183.x

By:

AHN, Ki Hoon;
PARK, Hyun Tae;
KIM, Tak;
HUR, Jun Young;
KIM, Young Tae;
LEE, Kyu Wan;
KIM, Sun Haeng

Publication type:

Article

Blood Transfusion Utilization in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Published in:

Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2024, v. 13, n. 23, p. 7327, doi. 10.3390/jcm13237327

By:

Oh, Young Joo;
Kim, Jeong Yeon;
Suh, Jin Woong;
Jeong, Yujin;
Choi, Yumin;
Lim, Hyung-Jun;
Sohn, Jang Wook;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Yoon, Young Kyung

Publication type:

Article

Impact of platelet transfusion and bleeding risk stratification in patients with immune thrombocytopenia before procedures.

Published in:

Scientific Reports, 2025, v. 15, n. 1, p. 1, doi. 10.1038/s41598-025-89419-w

By:

Kang, Ka-Won;
Choi, Yumin;
Lim, Hyung-Jun;
Kwak, Kunye;
Choi, Yoon Seok;
Park, Yong;
Kim, Byung Soo;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Pre-Pregnancy Risk Factors for Severe Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Korean Population Based Cohort Study.

Published in:

Life (2075-1729), 2021, v. 11, n. 1, p. 12, doi. 10.3390/life11010012

By:

Kim, Ho Yeon;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Kim, So Yeon;
Lee, Kyu-Min;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Han, Sung Won;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Ryu, Hyun Mee;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong;
Kim, Seung Chul

Publication type:

Article

Differences in maternal subgingival microbiome between preterm and term births: The MOHEPI study.

Published in:

Journal of Periodontal Research, 2024, v. 59, n. 5, p. 939, doi. 10.1111/jre.13292

By:

Park, Jung Soo;
Kim, Eunha;
Kwon, Sun Jae;
Heo, Ju Sun;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Blood Transfusion, All-Cause Mortality and Hospitalization Period in COVID-19 Patients: Machine Learning Analysis of National Health Insurance Claims Data.

Published in:

Diagnostics (2075-4418), 2022, v. 12, n. 12, p. 2970, doi. 10.3390/diagnostics12122970

By:

Lee, Byung-Hyun;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Kim, Hae-In;
Jung, Jae-Seung;
Shin, Hyeon-Ju;
Park, Jong-Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Correction: Kim et al. The Value of Posterior Cervical Angle as a Predictor of Vaginal Delivery: A Preliminary Study. Diagnostics 2021, 11 , 1977.

Published in:

2022

By:

Kim, Eun-Ju;
Heo, Ji-Man;
Kim, Ho-Yeon;
Ahn, Ki-Hoon;
Cho, Geum-Joon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Lee, Nak-Woo;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

Correction Notice

The Value of Posterior Cervical Angle as a Predictor of Vaginal Delivery: A Preliminary Study.

Published in:

Diagnostics (2075-4418), 2021, v. 11, n. 11, p. 1977, doi. 10.3390/diagnostics11111977

By:

Kim, Eun-Ju;
Heo, Ji-Man;
Kim, Ho-Yeon;
Ahn, Ki-Hoon;
Cho, Geum-Joon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Lee, Nak-Woo;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

Article

Predictors of Newborn's Weight for Height: A Machine Learning Study Using Nationwide Multicenter Ultrasound Data.

Published in:

Diagnostics (2075-4418), 2021, v. 11, n. 7, p. 1280, doi. 10.3390/diagnostics11071280

By:

Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Lee, Se Jin;
Kwon, Sung Ok;
Na, Sunghun;
Kim, Kyongjin;
Kang, Hye Sim;
Lee, Kyung A;
Won, Hye-Sung;
Kim, Moon Young;
Hwang, Han Sung;
Park, Mi Hye

Publication type:

Article

Association of Preterm Birth with Depression and Particulate Matter: Machine Learning Analysis Using National Health Insurance Data.

Published in:

Diagnostics (2075-4418), 2021, v. 11, n. 3, p. 555, doi. 10.3390/diagnostics11030555

By:

Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Kim, Hae-In;
Kim, Ho Yeon;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Hong, Soon Cheol;
Oh, Min Jeong;
Kim, Hai Joong;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Guerriero, Stefano

Publication type:

Article

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Early Diagnosis of Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Birth.

Published in:

Diagnostics (2075-4418), 2020, v. 10, n. 9, p. 733, doi. 10.3390/diagnostics10090733

By:

Lee, Kwang-Sig;
Ahn, Ki Hoon

Publication type:

Article

Cerclage is associated with the increased risk of preterm birth in women who had cervical conization.

Published in:

2018

By:

Cho, Geum Joon;
Ouh, Yung-Taek;
Kim, Log Young;
Lee, Tae-Seon;
Park, Geun U.;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

journal article

Role of sex hormones in cervical changes in a cervical excision-related preterm delivery mouse model.

Published in:

Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2021, v. 41, n. 1, p. 138, doi. 10.1080/01443615.2020.1727868

By:

Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Kim, Hee Youn;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Hong, Soon Cheol;
Oh, Min Jeong;
Kim, Hai Joong

Publication type:

Article

Placental thickness-to-estimated foetal weight ratios and small-for-gestational-age infants at delivery.

Published in:

2017

By:

Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Lee, Joo Hak;
Cho, Geum Joon;
Hong, Soon-Cheol;
Oh, Min-Jeong;
Kim, Hai-Joong

Publication type:

journal article

Three-dimensional computed tomography as a novel method for the diagnosis and management of obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly syndrome: A case report.

Published in:

2017

By:

Lee, Sanghoon;
Ryu, Ki-Jin;
Ahn, Ki Hoon;
Park, Hyun Tae;
Song, Jae Yun;
Hong, Soon Cheol;
Kim, Tak

Publication type:

journal article