PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBAPENEM RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII CLINICAL ISOLATES IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN SHILLONG, MEGHALAYA.

Gogoi, Neeta; Lyngdoh, W. Valarie

Background: Unprecedented levels of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates have prompted great concerns globally and have imposed significant life threatening risks to several different populations, especially those in intensive care units (ICUs). Among Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii is notorious as a frequent opportunistic pathogen associated with critically ill patients The objective of the present study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections among patients admitted in ICU in a tertiary care hospital in North East India. Materials and Methods: A total of 215 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates obtained from patients admitted in ICU between 2019-2020 were included in the study, retrospectively. All the isolates were screened for carbapenem resistance by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method and were further subjected for MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) testing by VITEK 2 automated system. The statistical analysis was done using MedCalc for Windows version 19.1 (Ostend, Belgium). Significance of statistical association had been calculated from standard probability (p- value) using Chi-Square test. Results: Carbapenem resistance was observed in 149 (69%) out of 215 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Majority of the resistant isolates had MIC values of ≥16µg/ml and ≤64µg/ml (85.2% for Imipenem and 87.3% for Meropenem). Most common risk factors of infection were mechanical ventilation (56.4%), prolonged ICU stay (44.5%) and multidrug resistance (43.6%). The isolates were highly resistant to Cephalosporins including Ceftazidime (91.9%) and Ceftriaxone (81.2%) whereas they showed maximum sensitivity towards Levofloxacin (54.4%), Aminoglycosides including Gentamicin (53.7%) and Amikacin (53%). Conclusion: This study highlights an increasing trend of carbapenem resistance amongst Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in North East India.

SHILLONG (India); ACINETOBACTER baumannii; INTENSIVE care units; TERTIARY care; STATISTICAL significance; DRUG resistance in bacteria; ACINETOBACTER infections

International Journal of Medicine & Public Health, 2024, Vol 14, Issue 1, p340

2230-8598

Academic Journal

10.5530/ijmedph.2024.1.63