Gamma Radiation Induced ER Stress Dysfunction in CNS Glial and Neuronal Cells-Cytoprotection by Quercetin.

Mustak, Mohammed S.; Chatterjee, Jit; Pillai, Prakash P.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) plays an important role in the regulation of protein synthesis, folding and targeting, and maintenance of cellular calcium homeostasis. Error in protein folding machinery leads to accumulation of unfolded proteins in ER which leads to ER stress, which is one of the main causes of various neurological diseases. However, the potential effect of ionizing radiation response on cellular physiology in glial cells and mice exposed to whole body radiation is unclear. In the present study, micronucleus test, Comet assay, and RT-PCR were performed to investigate the potential effect of gamma radiation in cultured oligodendrocytes and astrocytes with respect to genomic instability, endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress, and inflammation. Results showed that exposure of gamma radiation of 2gy in-vitro cultured astrocytes and oligodendrocytes induced ER stress and inflammation along with profuse DNA damage. Additionally, we observed downregulation of myelin basic protein levels in cultured oligodendrocytes exposed to radiation. Taken together, these results indicate that ER stress, DNA damage, and inflammatory pathways may be critical events leading to glial cell dysfunction and subsequent cell death following exposure to ionizing radiation. Therefore stress pathway can serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.

GAMMA rays; IONIZING radiation; CELL physiology; MYELIN basic protein; INTRACELLULAR calcium; CALMODULIN

Nitte University Journal of Health Science, 2018, p120

2249-7110

Academic Journal