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- Title
Neurofisiología y bruxismo.
- Authors
Nieto Mena, Sandra; Tiscareño, Héctor; Castellanos, José Luis
- Abstract
Bruxism shows a complex pathophysiology, where afferent and afferent signals regulated by the CNS, through the expression of neurotransmitters with repercussion in dysfunctional and eventually harmful muscular hyperactivity. To try to understand bruxism from its neurophysiological peculiarities, a bibliographic review was carried out on the bases of Medline and PubMed, with the aim of establishing the relationship between neurotransmitters and the neuromasticatory system, pointing out the possible alterations in their release that trigger irregularities in the rhythmic movements of the jaw (rhythmic jaw movement [RJM]) during sleep induced by disorders in the central nervous system, psychological and psychiatric alterations, drug addiction and medical prescriptions, and to some extent, a reactive response to local situations and adaptive changes. The masticatory functioning depends on the integration of the sensory input (afferent) of components such as the periodontal ligament, masticatory muscles, teeth and temporomandibular joint, which can be disturbed when any of these parts suffer alterations in their integrity, inflammation, functional overload or morphological alterations, observing a variety of adaptive and compensatory (efferent) responses. In bruxism, this local information is of minor relevance, since it is governed by central changes observed during sleep or changes in psychological influence during daytime bruxism. Consequently, bruxism brings with it biological, emotional and behavioral changes that affect major muscles, preferably located in the head and neck, causing in a secondary way many other alterations. Particularly in the stomatognathic region, several deteriorations are observed, such as mucosal damage, myofascial and joint pain and dental attrition. The understanding of the complex neurophysiological processes that determine the appearance and persistence of bruxism can help to establish control and treatment strategies.
- Publication
Revista ADM, 2018, Vol 75, Issue 4, p202
- ISSN
0001-0944
- Publication type
Academic Journal