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- Title
HIV treatment adherence, drug resistance, virologic failure: evolving concepts.
- Authors
Nachega, Jean B; Marconi, Vincent C; van Zyl, Gert U; Gardner, Edward M; Preiser, Wolfgang; Hong, Steven Y; Mills, Edward J; Gross, Robert
- Abstract
Poor adherence to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been shown to be a major determinant of virologic failure, emergence of drug resistant virus, disease progression, hospitalizations, mortality, and health care costs. While high adherence levels can be achieved in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings following initiation of cART, long-term adherence remains a challenge regardless of available resources. Barriers to optimal adherence may originate from individual (biological, socio-cultural, behavioral), pharmacological, and societal factors. Although patients and providers should continuously strive for maximum adherence to cART, there is accumulating evidence that each class of antiretroviral therapy has specific adherence-drug resistance relationship characteristics allowing certain regimens more flexibility than others. There is not a universally accepted measure for cART adherence, since each method has distinct advantages and disadvantages including cost, complexity, accuracy, precision, intrusiveness and bias. Development of a real-time cART adherence monitoring tool will enable the development of novel, pre-emptive adherence-improving strategies. The application of these strategies may ultimately prove to be the most cost-effective method to reduce morbidity and mortality for the individual and decrease the likelihood of HIV transmission and emergence of resistance in the community.
- Publication
Infectious disorders drug targets, 2011, Vol 11, Issue 2, p167
- ISSN
2212-3989
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.2174/187152611795589663