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- Title
Procedural pain in newborn infants: the influence of intensity and development.
- Authors
Porter, F L; Wolf, C M; Miller, J P
- Abstract
Previous reports have shown that pain is managed inadequately in newborn infants. Ironically, clinicians believe that infants can experience pain much like adults, that infants are exposed daily to painful procedures, and that pain protection should be provided. In adults, a close relationship has been shown in how adults behave in response to pain, how painful they sense the stimulus to be, and physical measurements of the intensity of the stimulus. Whether similar parallels exist in newborn infants has not been examined. If these parallels do not exist in infants, it may help explain why clinicians fail to manage procedural pain in infants more effectively. The objective of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of infants' responses to nursing/medical procedures: 1) differs as a function of the invasiveness or intensity of the procedure; 2) differs as a function of intrauterine (gestational age at birth) and/or extrauterine (conceptional age) development; and 3) parallels the subjective pain ratings of clinicians for those procedures.
- Publication
Pediatrics, 1999, Vol 104, Issue 1, pe13
- ISSN
1098-4275
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1542/peds.104.1.e13