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- Title
Increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in organs is associated with a higher severity of H5N1 influenza virus infection.
- Authors
Burggraaf, Simon; Bingham, John; Payne, Jean; Kimpton, Wayne G; Lowenthal, John W; Bean, Andrew G D
- Abstract
The mechanisms of disease severity caused by H5N1 influenza virus infection remain somewhat unclear. Studies have indicated that a high viral load and an associated hyper inflammatory immune response are influential during the onset of infection. This dysregulated inflammatory response with increased levels of free radicals, such as nitric oxide (NO), appears likely to contribute to disease severity. However, enzymes of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family such as the inducible form of NOS (iNOS) generate NO, which serves as a potent anti-viral molecule to combat infection in combination with acute phase proteins and cytokines. Nevertheless, excessive production of iNOS and subsequent high levels of NO during H5N1 infection may have negative effects, acting with other damaging oxidants to promote excessive inflammation or induce apoptosis.
- Publication
PloS one, 2011, Vol 6, Issue 1, pe14561
- ISSN
1932-6203
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0014561