铝电解过程中锂元素的阴极渗透机理.

王耀武; 尤晶; 彭建平; 狄跃忠

In the process of aluminum electrolysis, the proportion of lithium fluoride in electrolyte increases gradually due to the existence of a small amount of lithium oxide in alumina, and the lithium element permeates the cathode lining. The existent forms of lithium element in electrolyte and cathode carbon blocks were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, and the cathode permeation mechanism of lithium element in aluminum electrolysis was studied. The results show that the lithium element in electrolyte is primarily in the form of Na2 A1F6• Some lithium ions in molten electrolyte are reduced to lithium metal by aluminum and the Mole fraction of lithium in aluminum liquid is positively related to the Mole fraction of lithium fluoride in electrolyte. The lithium in the electrolyte permeating the cathode carbon blocks through the pores and cracks in the cathode carbon blocks is mainly in the form of fluorides. The lithium in the aluminum liquid cannot diffuse into the cathode carbon blocks.

LIQUID aluminum; SCANNING electron microscopes; LITHIUM fluoride; MOLE fraction; LITHIUM ions; ALUMINUM-lithium alloys; ALUMINUM oxide

Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2021, Vol 42, Issue 1, p62

1005-3026

Academic Journal

10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2021.01.010