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Title
Retractions in the scientific literature: is the incidence of research fraud increasing?
Authors
Steen, R Grant
Abstract
Scientific papers are retracted for many reasons including fraud (data fabrication or falsification) or error (plagiarism, scientific mistake, ethical problems). Growing attention to fraud in the lay press suggests that the incidence of fraud is increasing.
Publication
Journal of medical ethics, 2011, Vol 37, Issue 4, p249