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- Title
Sodium and potassium in essential hypertension.
- Authors
Lever, A F; Beretta-Piccoli, C; Brown, J J; Davies, D L; Fraser, R; Robertson, J I
- Abstract
A study was carried out of arterial pressure and body content of electrolytes in 91 patients with essential hypertension and 121 normal controls. Exchangeable sodium was found to be positively correlated with arterial pressure in the patients, the correlation being closest in older patients; values of exchangeable sodium were subnormal in young patients; and plasma, exchangeable, and total body potassium correlated inversely with arterial pressure in the patients, the correlations being closest in young patients. Three hypotheses were proposed to explain the mechanisms relating electrolytes and arterial pressure in essential hypertension--namely, a cell-salt hypothesis, a dietary salt hypothesis, and a kidney-salt hypothesis. It was concluded that two mechanisms probably operate in essential hypertension. In the early stages of the disease blood pressure is raised by an abnormal process related more closely to potassium than to sodium. A renal lesion develops later, possibly as a consequence of the hypertension. This lesion is characterised by resetting of pressure natriuresis and is manifest by an abnormal relation between body sodium and arterial pressure and by susceptibility to increased dietary sodium intake.
- Publication
British medical journal (Clinical research ed.), 1981, Vol 283, Issue 6289, p463
- ISSN
0267-0623
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1136/bmj.283.6289.463