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- Title
Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA.
- Authors
Diebold, Sandra S; Kaisho, Tsuneyasu; Hemmi, Hiroaki; Akira, Shizuo; Reis e Sousa, Caetano
- Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are critical for protection from viral infection, but the pathways linking virus recognition to IFN induction remain poorly understood. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce vast amounts of IFN-alpha in response to the wild-type influenza virus. Here, we show that this requires endosomal recognition of influenza genomic RNA and signaling by means of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and MyD88. Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules of nonviral origin also induce TLR7-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines. These results identify ssRNA as a ligand for TLR7 and suggest that cells of the innate immune system sense endosomal ssRNA to detect infection by RNA viruses.
- Publication
Science (New York, N.Y.), 2004, Vol 303, Issue 5663, p1529
- ISSN
1095-9203
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1126/science.1093616