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- Title
HCV persistence and immune evasion in the absence of memory T cell help.
- Authors
Grakoui, Arash; Shoukry, Naglaa H; Woollard, David J; Han, Jin-Hwan; Hanson, Holly L; Ghrayeb, John; Murthy, Krishna K; Rice, Charles M; Walker, Christopher M
- Abstract
Spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in humans usually affords long-term immunity to persistent viremia and associated liver diseases. Here, we report that memory CD4+ Tcells are essential for this protection. Antibody-mediated depletion of CD4+ Tcells before reinfection of two immune chimpanzees resulted in persistent, low-level viremia despite functional intra-hepatic memory CD8+ Tcell responses. Incomplete control of HCV replication by memory CD8+ Tcells in the absence of adequate CD4+ Tcell help was associated with emergence of viral escape mutations in class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted epitopes and failure to resolve HCV infection.
- Publication
Science (New York, N.Y.), 2003, Vol 302, Issue 5645, p659
- ISSN
1095-9203
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1126/science.1088774