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- Title
Transglutaminases and transglutaminase-catalyzed cross-links colocalize with the pathological lesions in Alzheimer's disease brain.
- Authors
Wilhelmus, Micha M M; Grunberg, Sentini C S; Bol, John G J M; van Dam, Anne-Marie; Hoozemans, Jeroen J M; Rozemuller, Annemieke J M; Drukarch, Benjamin
- Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by pathological lesions, in particular senile plaques (SPs), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), predominantly consisting of self-aggregated proteins amyloid beta (Abeta) and tau, respectively. Transglutaminases (TGs) are inducible enzymes, capable of modifying conformational and/or structural properties of proteins by inducing molecular covalent cross-links. Both Abeta and tau are substrates for TG cross-linking activity, which links TGs to the aggregation process of both proteins in AD brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of transglutaminase 1 (TG1), transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and TG-catalyzed cross-links with the pathological lesions of AD using immunohistochemistry. We observed immunoreactivity for TG1, TG2 and TG-catalyzed cross-links in NFTs. In addition, both TG2 and TG-catalyzed cross-links colocalized with Abeta in SPs. Furthermore, both TG2 and TG-catalyzed cross-links were associated with CAA. We conclude that these TGs demonstrate cross-linking activity in AD lesions, which suggests that both TG1 and TG2 are likely involved in the protein aggregation processes underlying the formation of SPs, CAA and/or NFTs in AD brain.
- Publication
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2009, Vol 19, Issue 4, p612
- ISSN
1750-3639
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00197.x