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- Title
Elevated Th1/Th2 Cell Ratios in a Pregnant Woman with a History of RSA, Secondary Sjögren’s Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis Complicated with One Fetal Demise of Twin Pregnancy.
- Authors
Joanne Kwak-Kim; Sung-Ki Lee; Alice Gilman-Sachs
- Abstract
Problem Elevated Th1/Th2 cytokine producing CD3+/CD4+ cell ratios were reported in women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and multiple implantation failures. We report, significantly elevated Th1/Th2 cell ratios were noticed in a pregnant woman with twin pregnancies complicated with one fetal demise, who had a history of RSA, secondary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), and rheumatoid arthritis. Method of study Case report. Results Peripheral blood Th1/Th2 cell ratios were significantly elevated 3 weeks prior to a fetal demise of twin pregnancies at 20 week gestation. Two weeks after fetal demise, the ratio of intracellular tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 producing CD3+/CD4+ cells in peripheral blood was further increased to three times higher than prior ratio. Elevated Th1/Th2 ratio was down regulated after increasing dose of IVIg treatment. The patient gave birth to a male baby weighing 2650 g at 36 weeks gestation. No serious complications were found in the patient or the baby. Conclusion Systemic inflammatory immune response pre-exists prior to a fetal demise and the degree of inflammatory immune response got worse with a presence of fetal demise in utero. We infer that the placenta is not an immunological barrier to maternal Th1/Th2 immune responses.
- Publication
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 2007, Vol 58, Issue 4, p325
- ISSN
1046-7408
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0897.2007.00506.x