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Title
Do urinary levels of vascular endothelial growth factor predict proliferative retinopathy?
Authors
D'Angio, C T; Ambati, J; Phelps, D L
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is elevated in the vitreous of patients with proliferative retinopathies (PR). Angiogenic factors like VEGF are elevated in the urine of subjects with cancers, including those distant from the genitourinary tract. We hypothesized that local increases in VEGF in the vitreous would be reflected in the urine of subjects with PR.