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- Title
A novel two-component regulatory system in Bacillus subtilis for the survival of severe secretion stress.
- Authors
Hyyryläinen, H L; Bolhuis, A; Darmon, E; Muukkonen, L; Koski, P; Vitikainen, M; Sarvas, M; Prágai, Z; Bron, S; van Dijl, J M; Kontinen, V P
- Abstract
The Gram-positive eubacterium Bacillus subtilis is well known for its high capacity to secrete proteins into the environment. Even though high-level secretion of proteins is an efficient process, it imposes stress on the cell. The present studies were aimed at the identification of systems required to combat this so-called secretion stress. A two-component regulatory system, named CssR-CssS, was identified, which bears resemblance to the CpxR-CpxA system of Escherichia coli. The results show that the CssR/S system is required for the cell to survive the severe secretion stress caused by a combination of high-level production of the alpha-amylase AmyQ and reduced levels of the extracytoplasmic folding factor PrsA. As shown with a prsA3 mutation, the Css system is required to degrade misfolded exported proteins at the membrane-cell wall interface. This view is supported by the observation that transcription of the htrA gene, encoding a predicted membrane-bound protease of B. subtilis, is strictly controlled by CssS. Notably, CssS represents the first identified sensor for extracytoplasmic protein misfolding in a Gram-positive eubacterium. In conclusion, the results show that quality control systems for extracytoplasmic protein folding are not exclusively present in the periplasm of Gram-negative eubacteria, but also in the Gram-positive cell envelope.
- Publication
Molecular microbiology, 2001, Vol 41, Issue 5, p1159
- ISSN
0950-382X
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02576.x