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- Title
Combinatorial readout of histone H3 modifications specifies localization of ATRX to heterochromatin.
- Authors
Eustermann, Sebastian; Yang, Ji-Chun; Law, Martin J; Amos, Rachel; Chapman, Lynda M; Jelinska, Clare; Garrick, David; Clynes, David; Gibbons, Richard J; Rhodes, Daniela; Higgs, Douglas R; Neuhaus, David
- Abstract
Accurate read-out of chromatin modifications is essential for eukaryotic life. Mutations in the gene encoding X-linked ATRX protein cause a mental-retardation syndrome, whereas wild-type ATRX protein targets pericentric and telomeric heterochromatin for deposition of the histone variant H3.3 by means of a largely unknown mechanism. Here we show that the ADD domain of ATRX, in which most syndrome-causing mutations occur, engages the N-terminal tail of histone H3 through two rigidly oriented binding pockets, one for unmodified Lys4 and the other for di- or trimethylated Lys9. In vivo experiments show this combinatorial readout is required for ATRX localization, with recruitment enhanced by a third interaction through heterochromatin protein-1 (HP1) that also recognizes trimethylated Lys9. The cooperation of ATRX ADD domain and HP1 in chromatin recruitment results in a tripartite interaction that may span neighboring nucleosomes and illustrates how the 'histone-code' is interpreted by a combination of multivalent effector-chromatin interactions.
- Publication
Nature structural & molecular biology, 2011, Vol 18, Issue 7, p777
- ISSN
1545-9985
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1038/nsmb.2070