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- Title
Structural insights into host GTPase isoform selection by a family of bacterial GEF mimics.
- Authors
Zhiwei Huang; Sutton, Sarah E.; Wallenfang, Adam J.; Orchard, Robert C.; Xiaojing Wu; Yingcai Feng; Jijie Chai; Alto, Neal M.
- Abstract
The Escherichia coli type III effector Map belongs to a large family of bacterial virulence factors that activate host Rho GTPase signaling pathways through an unknown molecular mechanism. Here we report direct evidence that Map functions as a potent and selective guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Cdc42. The 2.3-Å structure of the Map–Cdc42 complex revealed that Map mimics the GEF strategy of the mammalian Dbl family but has a three-dimensional architecture that is nearly identical to the bacterial GEF Salmonella spp. SopE. A comparative analysis between human and bacterial GEFs revealed a previously uncharacterized pairing mechanism between Map and the variable β2-3 interswitch region of Cdc42. We propose a GTPase selection model that is experimentally validated by the preferential activation Rac1 and RhoA by the Shigella spp. effectors IpgB1 and IpgB2, respectively. These results significantly expand the repertoire of bacterial GEF mimics and unify a GEF selection mechanism for host GTPase substrates.
- Publication
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2009, Vol 16, Issue 8, p853
- ISSN
1545-9993
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1038/nsmb.1647