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- Title
High-energy cathode material for long-life and safe lithium batteries.
- Authors
Yang-Kook Sun; Seung-Taek Myung; Byung-Chun Park; Prakash, Jai; Belharouak, Ilias; Amine, Khalil
- Abstract
Layered lithium nickel-rich oxides, Li[Ni1−xMx]O2 (M=metal), have attracted significant interest as the cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries owing to their high capacity, excellent rate capability and low cost. However, their low thermal-abuse tolerance and poor cycle life, especially at elevated temperature, prohibit their use in practical batteries. Here, we report on a concentration-gradient cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries based on a layered lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide. In this material, each particle has a central bulk that is rich in Ni and a Mn-rich outer layer with decreasing Ni concentration and increasing Mn and Co concentrations as the surface is approached. The former provides high capacity, whereas the latter improves the thermal stability. A half cell using our concentration-gradient cathode material achieved a high capacity of 209 mA h g−1 and retained 96% of this capacity after 50 charge–discharge cycles under an aggressive test profile (55 ∘C between 3.0 and 4.4 V). Our concentration-gradient material also showed superior performance in thermal-abuse tests compared with the bulk composition Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 used as reference. These results suggest that our cathode material could enable production of batteries that meet the demanding performance and safety requirements of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
- Publication
Nature Materials, 2009, Vol 8, Issue 4, p320
- ISSN
1476-1122
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1038/nmat2418