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- Title
Photonic metamaterials by direct laser writing and silver chemical vapour deposition.
- Authors
Rill, Michael S; Plet, Christine; Thiel, Michael; Staude, Isabelle; von Freymann, Georg; Linden, Stefan; Wegener, Martin
- Abstract
Metamaterials are artificial materials that--unlike natural substances--enable magnetism to be achieved at optical frequencies. The vast majority of photonic metamaterials has been fabricated by electron-beam lithography and evaporation of metal films, both of which are well-established two-dimensional (2D) technologies. Although stacking of three or four functional layers made using these methods has been reported, a truly 3D fabrication approach would be preferable for 3D photonic metamaterials. Here, we report first steps in this direction by using a combination of direct laser writing and silver chemical vapour deposition--the 3D analogues of electron-beam lithography and evaporation, respectively. The optical characterization of a planar test structure composed of elongated split-ring resonators is in good agreement with theory. Retrieval of the effective optical parameters reveals the importance of bi-anisotropy. Once suitable theoretical blueprints are available, our fabrication approach will enable rapid prototyping of truly 3D photonic metamaterials.
- Publication
Nature materials, 2008, Vol 7, Issue 7, p543
- ISSN
1476-4660
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1038/nmat2197