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- Title
The LIMD1 protein bridges an association between the prolyl hydroxylases and VHL to repress HIF-1 activity.
- Authors
Foxler, Daniel E; Bridge, Katherine S; James, Victoria; Webb, Thomas M; Mee, Maureen; Wong, Sybil C K; Feng, Yunfeng; Constantin-Teodosiu, Dumitru; Petursdottir, Thorgunnur Eyfjord; Bjornsson, Johannes; Ingvarsson, Sigurdur; Ratcliffe, Peter J; Longmore, Gregory D; Sharp, Tyson V
- Abstract
There are three prolyl hydroxylases (PHD1, 2 and 3) that regulate the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), the master transcriptional regulators that respond to changes in intracellular O(2) tension. In high O(2) tension (normoxia) the PHDs hydroxylate two conserved proline residues on HIF-1α, which leads to binding of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor, the recognition component of a ubiquitin-ligase complex, initiating HIF-1α ubiquitylation and degradation. However, it is not known whether PHDs and VHL act separately to exert their enzymatic activities on HIF-1α or as a multiprotein complex. Here we show that the tumour suppressor protein LIMD1 (LIM domain-containing protein) acts as a molecular scaffold, simultaneously binding the PHDs and VHL, thereby assembling a PHD-LIMD1-VHL protein complex and creating an enzymatic niche that enables efficient degradation of HIF-1α. Depletion of endogenous LIMD1 increases HIF-1α levels and transcriptional activity in both normoxia and hypoxia. Conversely, LIMD1 expression downregulates HIF-1 transcriptional activity in a manner depending on PHD and 26S proteasome activities. LIMD1 family member proteins Ajuba and WTIP also bind to VHL and PHDs 1 and 3, indicating that these LIM domain-containing proteins represent a previously unrecognized group of hypoxic regulators.
- Publication
Nature cell biology, 2012, Vol 14, Issue 2, p201
- ISSN
1476-4679
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1038/ncb2424