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- Title
In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state.
- Authors
Wernig, Marius; Meissner, Alexander; Foreman, Ruth; Brambrink, Tobias; Ku, Manching; Hochedlinger, Konrad; Bernstein, Bradley E; Jaenisch, Rudolf
- Abstract
Nuclear transplantation can reprogramme a somatic genome back into an embryonic epigenetic state, and the reprogrammed nucleus can create a cloned animal or produce pluripotent embryonic stem cells. One potential use of the nuclear cloning approach is the derivation of 'customized' embryonic stem (ES) cells for patient-specific cell treatment, but technical and ethical considerations impede the therapeutic application of this technology. Reprogramming of fibroblasts to a pluripotent state can be induced in vitro through ectopic expression of the four transcription factors Oct4 (also called Oct3/4 or Pou5f1), Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4. Here we show that DNA methylation, gene expression and chromatin state of such induced reprogrammed stem cells are similar to those of ES cells. Notably, the cells-derived from mouse fibroblasts-can form viable chimaeras, can contribute to the germ line and can generate live late-term embryos when injected into tetraploid blastocysts. Our results show that the biological potency and epigenetic state of in-vitro-reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells are indistinguishable from those of ES cells.
- Publication
Nature, 2007, Vol 448, Issue 7151, p318
- ISSN
1476-4687
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1038/nature05944