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- Title
Arginine methylation controls growth regulation by E2F-1.
- Authors
Cho, Er-Chieh; Zheng, Shunsheng; Munro, Shonagh; Liu, Geng; Carr, Simon M; Moehlenbrink, Jutta; Lu, Yi-Chien; Stimson, Lindsay; Khan, Omar; Konietzny, Rebecca; McGouran, Joanna; Coutts, Amanda S; Kessler, Benedikt; Kerr, David J; Thangue, Nicholas B La
- Abstract
E2F transcription factors are implicated in diverse cellular functions. The founding member, E2F-1, is endowed with contradictory activities, being able to promote cell-cycle progression and induce apoptosis. However, the mechanisms that underlie the opposing outcomes of E2F-1 activation remain largely unknown. We show here that E2F-1 is directly methylated by PRMT5 (protein arginine methyltransferase 5), and that arginine methylation is responsible for regulating its biochemical and functional properties, which impacts on E2F-1-dependent growth control. Thus, depleting PRMT5 causes increased E2F-1 protein levels, which coincides with decreased growth rate and associated apoptosis. Arginine methylation influences E2F-1 protein stability, and the enhanced transcription of a variety of downstream target genes reflects increased E2F-1 DNA-binding activity. Importantly, E2F-1 is methylated in tumour cells, and a reduced level of methylation is evident under DNA damage conditions that allow E2F-1 stabilization and give rise to apoptosis. Significantly, in a subgroup of colorectal cancer, high levels of PRMT5 frequently coincide with low levels of E2F-1 and reflect a poor clinical outcome. Our results establish that arginine methylation regulates the biological activity of E2F-1 activity, and raise the possibility that arginine methylation contributes to tumourigenesis by influencing the E2F pathway.
- Publication
The EMBO journal, 2012, Vol 31, Issue 7, p1785
- ISSN
1460-2075
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1038/emboj.2012.17