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- Title
Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: a latent-variable approach.
- Authors
Engle, Randall W; Tuholski, Stephen W; Laughlin, James E; Conway, Andrew R A
- Abstract
A study was conducted in which 133 participants performed 11 memory tasks (some thought to reflect working memory and some thought to reflect short-term memory), 2 tests of general fluid intelligence, and the Verbal and Quantitative Scholastic Aptitude Tests. Structural equation modeling suggested that short-term and working memories reflect separate but highly related constructs and that many of the tasks used in the literature as working memory tasks reflect a common construct. Working memory shows a strong connection to fluid intelligence, but short-term memory does not. A theory of working memory capacity and general fluid intelligence is proposed: The authors argue that working memory capacity and fluid intelligence reflect the ability to keep a representation active, particularly in the face of interference and distraction. The authors also discuss the relationship of this capability to controlled attention, and the functions of the prefrontal cortex.
- Publication
Journal of experimental psychology. General, 1999, Vol 128, Issue 3, p309
- ISSN
0096-3445
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.309