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- Title
Phonological awareness predicts activation patterns for print and speech.
- Authors
Frost, Stephen J; Landi, Nicole; Mencl, W Einar; Sandak, Rebecca; Fulbright, Robert K; Tejada, Eleanor T; Jacobsen, Leslie; Grigorenko, Elena L; Constable, R Todd; Pugh, Kenneth R
- Abstract
Using fMRI, we explored the relationship between phonological awareness (PA), a measure of metaphonological knowledge of the segmental structure of speech, and brain activation patterns during processing of print and speech in young readers from 6 to 10 years of age. Behavioral measures of PA were positively correlated with activation levels for print relative to speech tokens in superior temporal and occipito-temporal regions. Differences between print-elicited activation levels in superior temporal and inferior frontal sites were also correlated with PA measures with the direction of the correlation depending on stimulus type: positive for pronounceable pseudowords and negative for consonant strings. These results support and extend the many indications in the behavioral and neurocognitive literature that PA is a major component of skill in beginning readers and point to a developmental trajectory by which written language engages areas originally shaped by speech for learners on the path toward successful literacy acquisition.
- Publication
Annals of dyslexia, 2009, Vol 59, Issue 1, p78
- ISSN
1934-7243
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11881-009-0024-y