An Update on the Morphology, Mechanism, Lethality and Management of Amanita Phalloides.

Singh, Shailja; Batta, Kajol; Saharan, Sameer; Sinha, Vaishali

Amanita phalloides is the most poisonous fungus and is known as a death cap or deadly agaric mushroom. Toxins secreted by these fungi are responsible for 90% of the world's mushroom-related fatalities. Amatoxins, phallotoxins, and verotoxins are three major toxins secreted by Amanita phalloides, of which a-amanitin is the deadliest among the three, with a lethal dose of 0.1 mg/kg. The signs and symptoms of Amanita phalloids include-dizziness, nausea, vomiting, severe secretory diarrhea, bloody emesis, and a severe dose of Amanita phalloids that may damage the Liver. Various treatments, such as gastric lavage, Detoxification, Extracarporeal purifications, Chemotherapy, and liver transplantation are effective in treating toxicity. This review describes the lethality of Amanita phalloides, its mechanism of action, signs and symptoms, and its management.

TOXIGENIC fungi; GASTRIC lavage; LIVER transplantation; SYMPTOMS; TOXINS

Journal of Punjab Academy of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 2024, Vol 24, Issue 1, p142

0972-5687

Academic Journal

10.5958/0974-083X.2024.00024.0