Study on the prognostic impact of interferon-gamma-inducible protein 16 level in multiple myeloma patients.

Nassar, Israa G.I.; Saad, Mohamed A.; Elkholy, Rasha A.; Allam, Alzahraa A.

Background: Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 16 (IFI-16) is a member of the pyrin and hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear domain 200 gene family, which modulates proliferation, survival as well as various cell lineage differentiation. Recent studies have shown that IFI-16 predicts prognosis in many cancers as enhanced IFI-16 expression was linked to favorable prognosis of hematological malignancies, involving chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Aim: To investigate IFI-16 serum levels as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) cases. Patients and methods: Our prospective study involved 30 newly diagnosed MM cases and 30 healthy volunteers. Serum IFI-16 was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The IFI-16 level exhibited a significant increase among the patient's group compared with the control group. It was significantly increased within stage III compared with stages I and II, and in relapsed cases compared with nonrelapsed cases. IFI-16 was significantly positively correlated with serum creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, β2 microglobulin, and serum calcium while negatively correlated with serum albumin. IFI-16 at a cutoff more than 1.43 ng/ml can significantly differentiate MM cases from controls. IFI-16 was significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in both univariate and multivariate analyses, and patients with high IFI-16 had a shorter DFS compared with those with low IFI-16. Conclusion: Our study concluded that a high level of IFI-16 was associated with advanced myeloma staging, and correlated with negative prognostic markers such as β2 microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, serum calcium, creatinine, and albumin, which are linked to greater relapse rate as well as shorter DFS.

MANTLE cell lymphoma; CHRONIC lymphocytic leukemia; MULTIPLE myeloma; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; PYRIN (Protein); LACTATE dehydrogenase

Egyptian Journal of Haematology, 2024, Vol 49, Issue 4, p355

1110-1067

Academic Journal

10.4103/ejh.ejh_21_24