Young girl with abnormal behavior: Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor immune encephalitis.

Suri, Vinit; Sharma, Sushma; Gupta, Rohan; Jadhao, Nilesh; Suri, Kunal

Anti N Methyl D Aspartate receptor immune encephalitis (Anti NMDARE) is a recently defined, under-recognized and often misdiagnosed disease, which typically occurs in young females and may be associated with an underlying tumor, usually ovarian teratoma. If diagnosed early, initiation of immunotherapy and tumor removal (if present) may result in recovery. We report a case of a 17 years old girl with Anti NMDARE who was initially misdiagnosed as Functional psychosis, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Sepsis syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second case of anti NMDARE being reported from India. This case report underscores the need for a greater awareness of this entity across multiple specialties, e.g., general medicine, psychiatry and neurology, to ensure a heightened diagnostic suspicion, which can lead to timely diagnosis and adequate therapy of this treatable disease.

ENCEPHALITIS diagnosis; DRUG therapy for psychoses; PSYCHOSES; NEUROLEPTIC malignant syndrome; SHOCK (Pathology); BEHAVIOR; DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis; ENCEPHALITIS; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; OLANZAPINE; MECHANICAL ventilators; DIAGNOSIS

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 2013, Vol 16, Issue 2, p169

0972-2327

Academic Journal

10.4103/0972-2327.112456