Diagnosis and Glycemic Control of Type 1 Diabetes.

Jae Hyun Kim

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by an immune-mediated beta-cell destruction that causes lifelong insulin dependency. Diagnosis of diabetes is based on fasting glucose, 2-h plasma glucose value after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Differentiation between type 1 and 2 diabetes is important for both education and treatment. Diabetes-associated autoantibodies, c-peptide and clinical characteristics should be considered to confirm the diagnosis of T1DM. A single HbA1c target of < 7.5% across all pediatric age groups is recommended. In nonpregnant adults, a reasonable HbA1c goal is < 7.0% to reduce the incidence of microvascular complications of T1DM. Glycemic targets should be individualized according to lifestyle, psychosocial and medical circumstances.

TYPE 1 diabetes; TREATMENT of diabetes; DIABETES complications; PANCREATIC beta cells; HEMOGLOBINS; MEDICAL education; DISEASE incidence; DIAGNOSIS

Journal of Korean Diabetes, 2015, Vol 16, Issue 2, p101

2233-7431

Academic Journal

10.4093/jkd.2015.16.2.101