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- Title
The Inhibitory Effect of Ojeoksan on Early and Advanced Atherosclerosis.
- Authors
Han, Byung Hyuk; Yoon, Jung Joo; Kim, Hye Yoom; Ahn, You Mee; Hong, Mi Hyeon; Lee, Ho Sub; Lee, Yun Jung; Kang, Dae Gill; Eun, So Young; Lee, Jae Geon; Seo, Chang Seob; Shin, Hyeun Kyoo
- Abstract
Atherosclerosis is closely related to vascular dysfunction and hypertension. Ojeoksan (OJS), originally recorded in an ancient Korean medicinal book named "Donguibogam", is a well-known, blended herbal formula. This study was carried out to investigate the beneficial effects of OJS on atherosclerosis in vitro and in vivo. Western-diet-fed apolipoprotein-E gene-deficient mice (ApoE −/−) were used for this study for 16 weeks, and their vascular dysfunction and inflammation were analyzed. OJS-treated ApoE −/− mice showed lowered blood pressure and glucose levels. The levels of metabolic parameters with hyperlipidemia attenuated following OJS administration. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed that treatment with OJS reduced atherosclerotic lesions. OJS also suppressed the expression of adhesion molecules and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) compared to Western-diet-fed ApoE −/− mice and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Expression levels of MicroRNAs (miRNA)-10a, -126 3p were increased in OJS-fed ApoE −/− mice. OJS significantly increased the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and protein kinase B (Akt), which are involved in nitric oxide (NO) production. OJS also regulated eNOS coupling by increasing the expression of endothelial GTP Cyclohydrolase-1 (GTPCH). Taken together, OJS has a protective effect on vascular inflammation via eNOS coupling-mediated NO production and might be a potential therapeutic agent for both early and advanced atherosclerosis.
- Subjects
ATHEROSCLEROSIS prevention; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; ANIMAL experimentation; APOLIPOPROTEINS; BLOOD pressure; BLOOD sugar; VASCULAR diseases; CELL adhesion molecules; EPITHELIAL cells; GENE expression; HEART; HYDROLASES; INFLAMMATION; MEDICINAL plants; MICE; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN kinases; STAINS & staining (Microscopy); TUMOR necrosis factors; PLANT extracts; MATRIX metalloproteinases; IN vitro studies; WESTERN diet; IN vivo studies; PREVENTION
- Publication
Nutrients, 2018, Vol 10, Issue 9, p1256
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.3390/nu10091256