Recommendations for the Application of Sex and Gender Medicine in Preclinical, Epidemiological and Clinical Research.

Cattaneo, Annamaria; Bellenghi, Maria; Ferroni, Eliana; Mangia, Cristina; Marconi, Matteo; Rizza, Paola; Borghini, Alice; Martini, Lorena; Luciani, Maria Novella; Ortona, Elena; Carè, Alessandra; Appetecchia, Marialuisa

Gender medicine studies how health status and diseases differ between men and women in terms of prevention, therapeutic approach, prognosis, and psychological and social impact. Sex and gender analyses have been demonstrated to improve science, contributing to achieving real appropriateness and equity in the cure for each person. Therefore, it is fundamental to consider, both in preclinical and clinical research, the different clinical and biological features associated with sex and/or gender, where sex differences are mainly influenced by biological determinants and gender ones by socio-cultural and economic matters. This article was developed to provide knowledge and methodological tools for the development of studies/research protocols in which sex and gender should be taken into account.

GENDER; GENDER medicine; SOCIAL impact; RESEARCH protocols; CLINICAL epidemiology

Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2024, Vol 14, Issue 9, p908

2075-4426

Academic Journal

10.3390/jpm14090908