Maternal C-Peptide and Insulin Sensitivity, but Not BMI, Associate with Fatty Acids in the First Trimester of Pregnancy.

Bandres-Meriz, Julia; Majali-Martinez, Alejandro; Hoch, Denise; Morante, Milagros; Glasner, Andreas; van Poppel, Mireille N. M.; Desoye, Gernot; Herrera, Emilio

Maternal obesity in pregnancy is a pro-inflammatory condition exposing the fetus to an adverse environment. Here, we tested associations of maternal obesity (primary exposures: BMI, leptin) and metabolic parameters (secondary exposures: glucose, C-peptide, and insulin sensitivity) with total serum concentrations of fatty acids in the first trimester of human pregnancy. This cross-sectional study included 123 non-smoking women with singleton pregnancy. In maternal serum, cotinine, leptin, and C-peptide (ELISA), glucose (hexokinase-based test) and fatty acids (gas chromatography) were quantified, and the insulin sensitivity index (ISHOMA) was calculated. Concentrations of fatty acid classes and total fatty acids did not differ between BMI or leptin categories. However, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were decreased in the category with the highest C-peptide concentration (n-3 PUFA: CI −35.82–−6.28, p HOMA category (n-3 PUFA: CI −36.48–−5.61, p HOMA had decreased n-3 PUFA, and DHA was lower with higher C-peptide only in mothers bearing a female fetus.

FIRST trimester of pregnancy; INSULIN sensitivity; FATTY acids; LEPTIN; UNSATURATED fatty acids; C-peptide; SECOND trimester of pregnancy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, Vol 22, Issue 19, p10422

1661-6596

Academic Journal

10.3390/ijms221910422