The editorial in the journal "Biomedicines" discusses the impact of chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases (CDNCDs) on global health, attributing the rise in cases to unhealthy habits and increased life expectancy. The document highlights the role of endothelial dysfunction in the development of CDNCDs and explores potential therapies such as physical exercise and endothelium-protective drugs. Various research studies within the field are summarized, including investigations into adiponectin levels in CKD patients, the role of perivascular adipose tissue in endothelial dysfunction, and the function of vascular smooth muscle cells in blood pressure regulation. The editorial also touches on the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and an exploratory study on Erythromelalgia, a rare clinical condition.