Histiocytic Sarcoma in a Captive Hybrid Orangutan (Pongo sp.): Morphological and Immunohistochemical Features.

Galietta, Valentina; Fonti, Niccolò; Cocumelli, Cristiano; Raso, Caterina; Di Cerbo, Pilar; Parisi, Francesca; Bovi, Emanuela; Parmigiani, Raffaella; Pietrella, Gabriele; Cersini, Antonella; Friedrich, Klaus G.; Eleni, Claudia

Simple Summary: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS), a rare and highly aggressive cancer of histiocytic origin, has been identified across various animal species, including sporadic cases in non-human primates. This research presents the initial documented instance of disseminated HS in a captive orangutan. The clinical presentation closely resembled symptoms observed in human HS cases. A thorough examination of tissue samples revealed typical features of this cancer through histopathology, and the diagnosis was confirmed using immunohistochemistry, employing markers such as Iba-1 and HLA-DR. Notably, the lack of expression of CD163 and CD204 challenges their effectiveness as diagnostic indicators in non-human primates. This investigation contributes to our comprehension of diagnosing HS in non-human primates, emphasizing the importance of standardized markers and diagnostic procedures. Histiocytic sarcoma (HS), an infrequent highly aggressive hematopoietic tumor, has been observed in diverse animal species, with isolated occurrences in non-human primates. This study describes the first case of disseminated HS in a 45-year-old female hybrid captive orangutan. The clinical profile mirrored symptoms seen in human HS cases, encompassing anorexia and ascites. Detailed histopathological examination demonstrated characteristic features of this tumor and immunohistochemistry, using markers such as Iba-1 and HLA-DR, confirmed the diagnosis. Significantly, the absence of CD163 and CD204 expression challenges their diagnostic utility in non-human primates. This investigation enhances our understanding of HS diagnosis in non-human primates, underscoring the necessity for standardized markers and diagnostic protocols.

RETICULUM cell sarcoma; ORANGUTANS; HEMATOLOGIC malignancies; ANIMAL species; SYMPTOMS; PRIMATES

Animals (2076-2615), 2024, Vol 14, Issue 6, p852

2076-2615

Academic Journal

10.3390/ani14060852