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- Title
ПОСТРАДІАЦІЙНИЙ НЕЙРОКОГНІТИВНИЙ ДЕФІЦИТ В УЧАСНИКІВ ЛІКВІДАЦІЇ НАСЛІДКІВ АВАРІЇ НА ЧОРНОБИЛЬСЬКІЙ АЕС: ГЕРІАТРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ (ЧАСТИНА 1)
- Authors
Куц, К. В.; Логановський, К. М.
- Abstract
Objective: to study the features of cognitive disorders in the remote period following exposure to ionizing radia tion (IR) in the elderly participants of the liquidation of the consequences of the Chornobyl NPP accident (Chor nobyl cleanup workers) with chronic cerebrovascular disorders. Materials and methods. The retrospective and prospective cohort study with the external and internal control groups. The randomized sample of the male elderly participants (attained age more than 60 years old) in liquidation of the consequences of the accident (Chornobyl cleanup workers, liquidators) at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) in 1986-1987 (main group, n = 52) recruited from the Clinicoepidemiological registry (CER) of State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of The National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (NRCRMHO) with verified chronic cerebrovascular disorders (CVD) was examined. The comparison group (n = 13) consisted of the unexposed in and outpatients of the Radiation Psychoneurology Department of Institute for Clinical Radiology (ICR) of NRCRMHO with the corresponding age and sex (the compar ison group). The internal control group included the liquidators irradiated at doses 50 mSv), the severity of cognitive deficit increases. In the cleanup workers irradiated at doses > 50 mSv when compared to the nonexposed comparison group, significantly lower values of actual full and verbal IQs were found (p < 0.05) with significantly higher values of intellectual disharmony (p < 0.05). When exposed to doses of more than 0.3 Sv, in the Chornobyl cleanup workers above 60 years old, a characteristic dosedependent psychometric pattern was first revealed, which consists of a significant decrease in actual performance IQ (r = 0.46; p = 0.039) with a simultane ous increase in performance IQ deficit in comparison with the premorbid levels (r = 0.55; p = 0.011). Conclusions. Timely detection and monitoring of neurocognitive disorders in the elderly, specifically in victims of the Chornobyl disaster, is of extremely great medical and social significance and can prevent the disability and social maladaptation in this cohort. Modern cheap and noninvasive psychophysiological and neuropsychiatric methods of diagnosing neurocognitive dysfunctions can be successfully used both in scientific research and in everyday clinical practice of neurologists, psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, and clinical neurophysiologists. Post radiation neurocognitive deficit has its specific features consisting of diffuse organic damage to both left (domi nant) and right (subdominant) brain hemispheres, which can testify to the synergistic effect of agerelated changes and ionizing radiation on cognitive functioning.
- Subjects
CHERNOBYL Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986; CEREBROVASCULAR disease; MEDICAL sciences; IONIZING radiation; RADIOLOGY
- Publication
Problems of Radiation Medicine & Radiobiology, 2024, Issue 29, p375
- ISSN
2304-8336
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-375-400