Results
Title

Photosynthetic machinery under salinity stress: Trepidations and adaptive mechanisms.

Authors

VINEETH, T. V.; KRISHNA, G. K.; PANDESHA, P. H.; SATHEE, L.; THOMAS, S.; JAMES, D.; RAVIKIRAN, K. T.; TARIA, S.; JOHN, C.; VINAYKUMAR, N. M.; LOKESHKUMAR, B. M.; JAT, H. S.; BOSE, J.; CAMUS, D.; RATHOR, S.; KRISHNAMURTHY, S. L.; SHARMA, P. C.

Abstract

Chloroplasts and photosynthesis are the physiologically fateful arenas of salinity stress. Morphological and anatomical alterations in the leaf tissue, ultrastructural changes in the chloroplast, compromise in the integrity of the three-layered chloroplast membrane system, and defects in the light and dark reactions during the osmotic, ionic, and oxidative phases of salt stress are conversed in detail to bring the salinity-mediated physiological alterations in the chloroplast on to a single platform. Chloroplasts of salt-tolerant plants have evolved highly regulated salt-responsive pathways. Thylakoid membrane remodeling, ion homeostasis, osmoprotection, upregulation of chloroplast membrane and stromal proteins, chloroplast ROS scavenging, efficient retrograde signalling, and differential gene and metabolite abundance are the key attributes of optimal photosynthesis in tolerant species. This review throws light into the comparative mechanism of chloroplast and photosynthetic response to salinity in sensitive and tolerant plant species.

Subjects

CHLOROPLASTS; CHLOROPLAST membranes; SALINITY; SENSITIVE plant; HALOPHYTES; PLANT species; MEMBRANE proteins

Publication

Photosynthetica, 2023, Vol 61, Issue 1, p73

ISSN

0300-3604

Publication type

Academic Journal

DOI

10.32615/ps.2023.002