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- Title
Canadian Dietary Intakes Assessed by Nutrient Profiling Models and Association with Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease.
- Authors
JACOBS, ADELIA C.; JESSRI, MAHSA
- Abstract
Purpose: Nutrient profiling (NP) ranks foods according to nutritional composition and underpins policies (e.g., front-of-package (FOP) labelling). This study aimed to evaluate Canadian adults' dietary intakes using proposed Canadian FOP "high-in" labelling thresholds and international NP models (i.e., Ofcom, FSANZ, and Nutri-Score) and examine the association between intakes using international NP models and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Intakes from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition (CCHS-Nutrition) 2004 and 2015 were given NP scores and assessed against FOP thresholds. CCHS-Nutrition 2004 was linked with death records (Canadian Vital Statistics Database, n = 6767) and CVD incidence and mortality (hospital Discharge Abstract Database, n = 6420) until December 2017. Results: Foods that would require FOP labels, should there be such regulation in Canada, contributed 38% of calories. Association between NP scores and mortality was significant for Ofcom, FSANZ, and Nutri-Score (hazard ratio (HR) in highest quintile (lowest quality): 1.73, 95%CI [1.20-2.49], 1.59[1.15-2.21], and 1.75[1.18-2.59], respectively), and for CVD incidence, among males (HR in highest quintile: 2.11[1.15-3.89], 1.74[1.07-2.84], and 2.29[1.24-4.24], respectively). Conclusions: Canadians had moderately healthy intakes. NP systems could discriminate between low and high dietary quality such that adults with the lowest diet quality were more likely to experience all-cause mortality and CVD events (for males).
- Subjects
CANADA; CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality; NUTRITIONAL value; STATISTICAL models; DEATH; FOOD consumption; RESEARCH funding; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MULTIVARIATE analysis; FOOD labeling; ENERGY metabolism; FOOD diaries; CONFIDENCE intervals; DATA analysis software; REGRESSION analysis; PROPORTIONAL hazards models
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice & Research, 2024, Vol 85, Issue 4, p410
- ISSN
1486-3847
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.3148/cjdpr-2024-017