Utilidad en la prevención, tratamiento y pronóstico de la medicina de precisión en oncología.

Reyna-Villasmil, Eduardo

Introduction: advances in genetics in recent decades has ushered a new era. Precision medicine has used these advances to play an increasingly important role in cancer prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Objetive: was to evaluate the usefulness of precisión medicine in improving prevention, treatment and prognosis in oncology. Discussion: studies on carcinogenesis have propelled the discovery of crucial events in the development of malignant neoplasms, identifying specific molecular subtypes of several common tumors. This has resulted in a better charaterization of tumors, which previously depended only on anatomapathological findings, and has enabled the development of new drugs, which have shifted the oncologic care paradigm. The identification of mutations that may determine predisposition to cancer, such as, BRCA mutations in breast cáncer, has facilitated screening to identify patients and help improve decision making and modify risk. Conclusions: the efficacy of various antitumor therapies suggests the beginning of an era in which preventive actions and clinical decisions will be based on the profile of genetic abnormalities of the tumor, improving patient prognosis and quality of life. This will allow an increase in the use of this type of precision treatments based on the profile of genetic changes.

CANCER treatment; MEDICAL screening; CANCER prevention; INDIVIDUALIZED medicine; GENETICS

Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía, 2024, Vol 33, Issue 2, p117

0121-7372

Academic Journal

10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1279