This article discusses compulsory archaeological interventions in an urban context and analyses the historical landscape of the capital of the State of Pará. The aim was to integrate the two themes: compulsory archaeological research and landscape analysis in the Historic Center of Belém. The focus of the analysis will be the progressive intervention in the urban landscape of Belém and how such intervention significantly alters the experience and circulation of the population in these spaces. In addition to discussing archaeology in the Historic Center, I analyze the social construction of its landscape, its historicity, and its relationship with what we call cultural heritage. The article indicates that interventions were made without popular participation and often reproduced asymmetrical power relations.