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- Title
Distinct β-cell defects in impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance.
- Authors
Kanat M; Mari A; Norton L; Winnier D; Defronzo RA; Jenkinson C; Abdul-Ghani MA; Kanat, Mustafa; Mari, Andrea; Norton, Luke; Winnier, Diedre; DeFronzo, Ralph A; Jenkinson, Chris; Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad A
- Abstract
To characterize the defects in β-cell function in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and compare the results to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects, β-cell glucose sensitivity and rate sensitivity during the oral glucose tolerance test were measured with the model by Mari in 172 Mexican Americans. A subgroup (n=70) received a 2-h hyperglycemic clamp ( 125 mg/dL), and first- and second-phase insulin secretion were quantitated. Compared with NGT, subjects with IFG and IGT manifested a decrease in β-cell glucose sensitivity; IFG subjects, but not IGT subjects, had decreased β-cell rate sensitivity. In IFG subjects, the defect in β-cell glucose sensitivity was time dependent, began to improve after 60 min, and was comparable to NGT after 90 min. The incremental area under the plasma C-peptide concentration curve during the first 12 min of the hyperglycemic clamp (ΔC-pep[AUC]0-12) was inversely related with the increase in FPG concentration (r=-36, r=0.001), whereas ΔC-pep[AUC]15-120 positively correlated with FPG concentration (r=0.29, r<0.05). When adjusted for the prevailing level of insulin resistance, first-phase insulin secretion was markedly decreased in both IFG and IGT, whereas second-phase insulin secretion was decreased only in IGT. These results demonstrate distinct defects in β-cell function in IFG and IGT.
- Publication
Diabetes, 2012, Vol 61, Issue 2, p447
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.2337/db11-0995