Nowadays, preschoolers are constructed into particular subjectivities through specific modes of subjectivation and are enunciated in narrative spaces such as textbooks, which are articulated to neoliberal rationality rules. This research has a qualitative perspective, with an archeo-genealogical and analytical approach to governmentality. Thus, some textbooks were explored to visualize these modes of subjectivization and the types of children's subjectivities they seek to institute. The study found that contemporary modes of subjectivation produce cognitive, communicative, autonomous, intellectual, self-regulated childhoods, capable of self-realization and becoming entrepreneurs of themselves, following neoliberal logic. However, it is possible to question these forms of neoliberal infantile subjectivation and propose alternatives in preschool education.