In the contemporary scene, characterized by the rehabilitation of rhetoric, Kenneth Burke (1897-1993) has made decisive contributions that have made him one of the fundamental figures of the “new rhetoric” and, perhaps, of a possible “rhetorical turn”. Through a systematization of the projections of rhetoric in the different moments of his work, this article identifies Burke’s contributions to contemporary rhetoric, weigh the transformations that his approach introduces in the rhetorical tradition, and discuss the range of his rhetorical criticism. In his work, we witness an amplification of rhetorical criticism, to the point of formulating a dialectical and philosophical rhetoric that successively emerges as a rhetoric of philosophy, a philosophy of rhetoric, and a rhetorical or dramatic philosophy. Burke’s rhetorical criticism constitutes a privileged path for any project of general rhetoric and rhetorical renewal.