To promote the application of flexible zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) in intelligent wearable energy storage devices the charge and discharge mechanism of ZIBs was summarized. Taking the gel electrolyte in ZIBs as the research object, the structure and performance characteristics of traditional polyvinyl alcohol-based polyacrylamide-based poly acrylic acid-based and. biomass-based hydrogels were discussed* The regulation mechanism of electro chemical performance of hydrogels by introducing double network structure adding nano additives metal ion additives and. wool and silk protein additives was clarified* The application prospects of hydrogels in self-healing, low -temp erature antifreeze and high-temperature self-protecting batteries were discussed which laid a theoretical foundation for the structural design and application expansion of hydrogels.