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- Title
Phenomenological analysis of constrained in-plane compression of paperboard using micro-computed tomography Imaging.
- Authors
Wallmeier, Malte; Barbier, Christophe; Beckmann, Felix; Brandberg, August; Holmqvist, Claes; Kulachenko, Artem; Moosmann, Julian; Östlund, Sören; Pettersson, Torbjörn
- Abstract
Large deformations under in-plane compression of paperboard appear in forming processes like hydroforming, pressforming and deep drawing, but the mechanisms of deformation have not been studied on a micromechanical level. A constrained in-plane compression test is presented. This test allows for in-plane compression, buckling, wrinkling and compaction. The constrained compression test is realized using a DEBEN CT-500 in-situ tester for laboratory microtomography and synchrotron microtomography. Experiments with five different materials spanning from laboratory handsheets to commercially available multi-layered paperboards are performed. Image processing is used to observe the local out-of-plane fiber orientation and compaction. A phenomenological investigation of the deformation behavior of these materials is presented. Delamination is found to be the primary mechanisms of failure in the multi-layered boards. Furthermore, a porous network structure, created by using long and minimally refined softwood fibers, is found to facilitate the formation of uniform wrinkles and compaction.
- Subjects
CARDBOARD; PHENOMENOLOGY; COMPRESSION loads; COMPUTED tomography; DELAMINATION of composite materials; DEEP drawing (Metalwork)
- Publication
Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, 2021, Vol 36, Issue 3, p491
- ISSN
0283-2631
- Publication type
Academic Journal
- DOI
10.1515/npprj-2020-0092