Pregnancy outcomes after thyroid cancer.

Spiegel, Efrat; Spence, Andrea R.; Czuzoj-Shulman, Nicholas; Abenhaim, Haim Arie

Background: Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers in women of reproductive age. Our purpose was to evaluate the association between thyroid cancer and maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) database from the US. A cohort consisting of women who delivered between 1999 and 2014 was created. Multivariate logistic regression, controlling for baseline maternal characteristics, was used to compare pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with thyroid cancer [International Classification of Diseases, ninth edition (ICD-9) code 193] diagnosed before or during pregnancy with those of the obstetric population without thyroid cancer. Results: The study included 14,513,587 pregnant women, of which 581 women had a diagnosis of thyroid cancer (4/100,000). During the observation period, there was an upward trend in the prevalence of thyroid cancer among pregnant women, though not statistically significant (P = 0.147). Women with thyroid cancer were more likely to be Caucasian, belong to a higher income quartile, have private insurance, to be discharged from an urban teaching hospital and to have pre-gestational hypertension. Women with thyroid cancer had a greater chance of delivering vaginally, requiring transfusion of blood and developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). Neonates of mothers with thyroid cancer were not found to be at increased risk for the adverse neonatal outcomes examined, specifically, congenital malformations, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal death and preterm labor. Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by thyroid cancer have higher incidences of VTE and need for transfusions, with comparable overall newborn outcomes.

UNITED States; THROMBOEMBOLISM risk factors; BLOOD transfusion; LONGITUDINAL method; EVALUATION of medical care; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY complications; PREGNANT women; THYROID gland tumors; VEINS; WOMEN'S health; MULTIPLE regression analysis; RETROSPECTIVE studies; EVALUATION

Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2019, Vol 47, Issue 7, p710

0300-5577

Academic Journal

10.1515/jpm-2019-0039