Based on the latest round of CHIP, this paper empirically measures the intergenerational mobility of education of Chinese urban residents and its impact effect. Key findings include three aspects. (1) The intergenerational mobility of education of urban residents shows an overall upward trend, while the rate of structural mobility is higher than the rate of circular mobility, while the upward trend of education is obvious through using the method of cross contingency table of children's and parents' education level. (2) The effect of father on the education level of children is higher than that of mother. For each year of parents' education level, the number of years of academic education of children will increase by 0. 31 and 0. 234 years by using the method of OLS. (3) Further analysis of gender heterogeneity shows that women's intergenerational mobility of education is more dependent on their father's education level, while men are more dependent on their mother. There is a nonlinear trend in the impact of public education expansion policy on intergenerational mobility of education.