The ignition energy and combustion characteristics of HTPE solid propellants were investigated by CO2 laser ignition and combustion test system. The effects of pressure, atmosphere, initial temperature (-50—70℃) and burning rate regulator on the burning rate, flame morphology, combustion temperature and minimum ignition energy of HTPE solid propellants were analyzed. The results show that HTPE solid propellant has lower flame intensity, burning rate, and combustion temperature than hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) solid propellant. The increase of temperature, pressure and oxygen content can increase the combustion intensity and decrease the minimum ignition energy of HTPE solid propellant. The minimum ignition energy of the three HTPE solid propellants (HTPE_0, HTPE_Ca, HTPE_Sr) is 0.738, 1.038 and 1.862J at -50℃, respectively. The low temperature initial environment can significantly increase the minimum ignition energy. The calcium carbonate and strontium carbonate can inhibit the burning rate of HTPE solid propellant.