Effects of vitamin D on insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose in pregnant women with insufficient or deficient vitamin D: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Mirzaei-Azandaryani, Zahra; Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Sakineh; Shaseb, Elnaz; Abbasalizadeh, Shamsi; Mirghafourvand, Mojgan

Background: Gestational diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders during pregnancy. Some studies have reported the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of this disorder. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, fasting blood insulin (FBI) levels and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (primary outcomes) and symptoms of depression, musculoskeletal pain, frequency of gestational diabetes and the frequency of abortion (secondary outcomes). Methods: In this triple-blind randomized controlled trial, 88 pregnant women at 8–10 weeks of pregnancy who had the vitamin D of less than 30 ng/ml were randomly assigned to the vitamin D group (n = 44) and control group (n = 44) using block randomization. The vitamin D group received 4,000 units of vitamin D tablets daily and the control group received placebo tablets for 18 weeks. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U and ANCOVA tests were used to analyze the data. Results: After the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of FBG (P = 0.850), FBI (P = 0.353), HOMA-IR (P = 0.632), mean score of depressive symptoms (P = 0.505), frequency of gestational diabetes (P = 0.187) and frequency of abortion (P = 1.000) and there was only a difference in terms of serum vitamin D level (P = 0.016) and musculoskeletal pain including knee pain (P = 0.025), ankle pain (P < 0.001) and leg pain (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D could improve the musculoskeletal pain in pregnant women but couldn't decrease FBG, FBI, HOMA-IR, depression symptoms score, incidence of GDM and abortion. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20120718010324N59. Date of registration: 4/11/2020. URL: https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/50973/view; Date of first registration: 21/11/2020.

IRAN; INSULIN resistance risk factors; MISCARRIAGE; BLOOD sugar; PREGNANT women; MANN Whitney U Test; VITAMIN D; INSULIN; DIETARY supplements; RISK assessment; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; T-test (Statistics); MENTAL depression; MUSCULOSKELETAL pain; BLIND experiment; ANALYSIS of covariance; GESTATIONAL diabetes; VITAMIN D deficiency; STATISTICAL sampling; SYMPTOMS; PREGNANCY

BMC Endocrine Disorders, 2022, Vol 22, Issue 1, p1

1472-6823

Academic Journal

10.1186/s12902-022-01159-4